Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate anatomy and morphology of mandibular permanent molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a selected Iranian population.Methods Materials: CBCT images 638 first second (322 males 316 females) were included this vitro study. Number roots root canals, Vertucci’s configuration each root, radix paramolaris (RP), entomolaris (RE), C-shaped canals ...