We evaluated the antimicrobial activities of a cationic Gemini surfactant, trans-1,4-bis[2-(alkanoyloxy)ethyldimethylammonio]-2-butene dichloride [II-m-2(t-butene)] and its derivatives against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. The II-m-2(t-butene) compound was previously shown to have good surface activity and biodegradability. A dodecanoyloxy derivative (m = 12) of II-m-2(t-buten...

Background Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory systemic disease that mainly affects joints and with symptoms such as stiffness, pain, increased fatigue. RA also appears to be an independent risk factor for accelerated atherosclerosis of cardiovascular diseases, why national international guidelines recommend proper pharmacological treatment together healthy lifestyle (1). Suppor...

this study investigated the relative effects of deductive and inductive form-focused instruction (ffi) on the acquisition of 4 non-generic definite article uses(cultural, situational, structural, and textual) as assessed by explicit and implicit outcome measures. the tests utilized to assess efl learners' acquisition of definite article uses were timed and untimed grammaticality judgment t...

BACKGROUND Although both nurse empowerment and competence are fundamental concepts of describing newly graduated nurses' professional development and job satisfaction, only few studies exist on the relationship between these concepts. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine how newly graduated nurses assess their empowerment and to clarify professional competence compared to other...

This paper’s focus is on the characteristics of successful competence-based curriculum development. First, a brief outline is given of the conceptual basis of CBE and the development of competence-based curricula. Attention is paid to the role of generic competencies in academic competence-based curricula, especially to what constitute ‘academic competencies’. In developing countries many highe...

A fundamental characteristic of this model is the attributestask combination built in the competence. By comparison, the behaviourist model focuses on task and performance, while the generic one focuses on attributes and abilities of the individual. The integrative model is thus a holistic model, because it considers a lot of explanatory factors for a professional performance: the combination a...

This paper presents a novel approach to the enterprise competence management and a case study. This approach is based on a model called CRAI (Competency-Resource-Aspect-Individual) which allows representing enterprise personnel's competencies. On the other hand, the paper provides a generic competency management process in which the CRAI model plays the central role. The proposed case study is ...

This paper describes an experiment to explore the effects of the TENCompetence infrastructure for supporting lifelong competence development which is now in development. This infrastructure provides structured, multi-leveled access to learning materials, based upon competences. People can follow their own learning path, supported by a listing of competences and their components, by competence d...

Within the TENCompetence project we aim to develop and integrate models and tools into an open source infrastructure for the creation, storage and exchange of learning objects, suitable knowledge resources as well as learning experiences. This contribution analyzes the potential of social software tools for providing part of the required functionality, as well as some challenges involved.