This volume (2nd edition) will focus on modern research topics related to quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of soft tissues

BACKGROUND Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is a relatively common condition characterized by a mild persistent thyroid failure. The management of children with SH is still a controversial issue and the decision to treat with L-thyroxine represents a clinical dilemma. Thyroid hormone and TSH play an important role in skeletal growth and bone mineral homeostasis. AIM To evaluate whether untreat...

BACKGROUND The traditional diet of Inuit people comprises large amounts of fish and marine mammals that are rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Results from in vitro studies, laboratory animal experiments and population studies suggest that omega-3 PUFA intake and a high omega-3/omega-6 ratio exert a positive effect on bone health. OBJECTIVE This longitudinal study was conduc...

CONTEXT Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) may be more helpful than dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in detecting bone deficits in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to compare differences in bone mass measurement by DXA and QUS in T2DM and nondiabetic postmenopausal women. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This clinical investigation wa...

A significant risk of femoral neck (FN) fracture exists for men and women with an areal bone mineral density (aBMD) higher than the osteoporotic range, as measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Separately measuring the cortical and trabecular FN compartments and combining the results would likely be a critical aspect of enhancing the diagnostic capabilities of a new technique. Be...

OBJECTIVES With the development of effective treatments and the resulting increase in life expectancy, bone mineral density (BMD) alteration has emerged as an important comorbidity in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals. The potential contributors to the pathogenesis of osteopenia/osteoporosis include a higher prevalence of risk factors, combined antiretroviral ther...

BACKGROUND Pathological response of breast cancer to chemotherapy is a prognostic indicator for long-term disease free and overall survival. Responses of locally advanced breast cancer in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) settings are often variable, and the prediction of response is imperfect. The purpose of this study was to detect primary tumor responses early after the start of neoadjuvant...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Liver biopsy analysis is the standard method used to diagnose nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Advanced magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive procedure that can accurately diagnose and quantify steatosis, but is expensive. Conventional ultrasound is more accessible but identifies steatosis with low levels of sensitivity, specificity, and quantitative accuracy, a...

The aim of study is to measure osteoporosis in the right foot at heel (calcaneus) by using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) technique. It was measured (SOS, BUA, BQI, T-score and Z-score). While usage DXA technique tissue thickness. Osteoporosis represents low bone mineral density (BMD). uses QUS measurements because it contains a high ratio trabecular bone. predominant diagnosis used for adults, ...

Owing to the symmetry between drive–response systems, discussions of synchronization performance are greatly significant while exploring dynamics neural network systems. This paper investigates quasi-synchronization (QS) and quasi-uniform (QUS) issues systems on fractional-order variable-parameter networks (VPNNs) including probabilistic time-varying delays. The effects system parameters, proba...