Based on an analysis in the framework of a coalescence hadroniza-tion model (ALCOR) we conclude that in heavy ion collisions at CERN SPS and RHIC energies a new type of matter, the massive quark-antiquark matter is produced.

The Chandrasekhar limit for strange stars described by a linear equation of state (describing quark matter with density-dependent quark masses) is evaluated. The maximum mass and radius of the star depend on the fundamental constants and on the energy density of the quark matter at zero pressure. By comparing the expression for the mass of the star with the limiting mass formula for a relativis...

As a strange star spins down, the nuclear matter in its crust contracts continuously into the quark core. The confined nuclear matter is dissolved into quark matter, liberating a lot of thermal energy. This process is called deconfinement heating. It is found that deconfinement heating dramatically changes the thermal evolution of a strange star. For a strange star with a strong surface magneti...

We study the consequences of superconducting quark cores in neutron stars for the magnetic fields of pulsars. We find that within recent nonperturbative approaches to the effective quark interaction the diquark condensate forms a superconductor of second kind whereas previously quark matter was considered as a first kind superconductor. In both cases the magnetic field which is generated in the...

We estimate the constraints of observational mass and redshift on the properties of equations of state (EOS) for quark matter based on the quasiparticle description in the compact stars. We discuss two scenarios: strange stars and hybrid stars. We construct the equations of state utilizing an extended MIT bag model taking medium effect into account for quark matter and relativistic mean field t...

In relativistic heavy ion collisions, the cross section of heavy hadron production via the combination of a heavy quark with a light one from the quark-gluon matter can be factorized. It is the convolution of twist-4 combination matrix elements, the parameters corresponding to the parton distributions of the quark-gluon matter, as well as the hard partonic cross section of heavy quark productio...

Two kinds of difficulties have challenged the physics community for many years: (1) knowing nature’s building blocks (particle physics) and (2) understanding interacting many-body systems (many-body physics). Both of them exist in the research of quark matter and compact stars. This paper addresses the possibility that quark clustering, rather than a color super-conducting state, could occur in...

We discuss the role of an adjoint chiral condensate for color superconducting quark matter. Its presence leads to color-flavor locking in two-flavor quark matter. Color is broken completely as well as chiral symmetry in the two-flavor theory with coexisting adjoint quark-antiquark and antitriplet quark-quark condensates. The qualitative properties of this phase match the properties of ordinary ...

Our current knowledge of the quark-gluon plasma in thermodynamical equilibrium is reviewed. The phase diagram of strongly interacting matter is discussed, with emphasis on the quark-hadron phase transition and the color-superconducting phases of quark matter. Lattice QCD results on the order of the phase transition, the thermodynamical functions, the heavy quark free energy, mesonic spectral fu...

Our current knowledge of the quark-gluon plasma in thermodynamical equilibrium is reviewed. The phase diagram of strongly interacting matter is discussed, with emphasis on the quark-hadron phase transition and the color-superconducting phases of quark matter. Lattice QCD results on the order of the phase transition, the thermodynamical functions, the heavy quark free energy, mesonic spectral fu...