With implementation of the dermal sensitization QRA approach for fragrance ingredients, IFRA/RIFM are recommending use of the RIFM standard human repeated insult patch test (HRIPT) protocol for generation of confirmatory human data for the induction of dermal sensitization in a normal human population. Details of this standard HRIPT protocol are provided in this paper. The study protocol consis...

The objectives of the paper is to: (1) adopt hierarchical forecasting methods in modelling and international tourist arrivals Zimbabwe; (2) coming up with Zimbabwe Prediction Intervals (PIs) Quantile Regression Averaging (QRA) to tourism forecasts. Zimbabwe’s monthly data from January 2002 December 2018 was used. dataset used before COVID-19 period were disaggregated according purpose visit (PO...

This study aims to identify optimal intensity measures (IMs) for use in probabilistic seismic demand models (PSDMs) circular tunnels soft soil deposits. To this end, we performed an extended numerical parametric involving two-dimensional time history analyses of selected soil-tunnel configurations evaluate the response under transverse shaking. A series 18 IMs were and tested, corresponding fre...

Abstract. Human errors are identified as significant contributors to process industry accidents. reliability analysis (HRA) has been conducted in previous studies improve human performance several industrial operations. However, error predictions greatly influenced by various performance-shaping factors (PSFs). Research also demonstrates that PSFs interdependent, which thereby complicates the m...

Toxoplasma gondii is a globally distributed zoonotic protozoan parasite. Infection with T. can cause congenital toxoplasmosis in developing fetuses and acute outbreaks the general population, disease burden especially high South America. Prior studies found that environmental stage of gondii, oocysts, an important source infection Brazil; however, no have quantified this risk relative to other ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical and biochemical characteristics of children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) at a tertiary care centre in Karachi, Pakistan. STUDY DESIGN A descriptive study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Paediatric Rheumatology Clinic of The Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, from January 2008 to December 2011. METHODOLOGY Clinical and laboratory prof...

An essential step in ensuring the toxicological safety of chemicals used in consumer products is the evaluation of their skin sensitising potential. The sensitising potency, coupled with information on exposure levels, can be used in a Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) to determine an acceptable level of a given chemical in a given product. Where consumer skin exposure is low, a risk assessmen...

The terrorist attack on the Abqaiq oil plant in Saudi Arabia September 14, 2019 attracted global attention to significant role of safety and security sustainable gas supply chain vulnerability infrastructures subject intentional unintentional damages. Different from other infrastructures, pipelines may be more vulnerable accidental, natural threats due their widespread distribution. Therefore a...