This paper is devoted to the desynchronizing effects of bipolar stimuli on a synchronized cluster of globally coupled phase oscillators. The bipolar pulses considered here are symmetrical and consist of a positive and a negative monopolar pulse. A bipolar single pulse with the right intensity and duration desynchronizes a synchronized cluster provided the stimulus is administered at a vulnerabl...

Following the 1994 Northridge and 1995 Kobe earthquakes, most of modern structures damaged seriously or devastated totally despite the seismic codes of these countries that had been expected to bear advanced criteria for seismic design of structures. After extensive research, the most probable reason of those destructions was attributed to special specifications of near-field earthquakes. In th...

The use of high-power diode laser with a wavelength of 755 nm is an effective and safe method for the correction and partial and/or total elimination of pigmented lesions, specifically solar lentigines. This wavelength has yet not been used in diode lasers to treat solar lentigines. Side effects are the usual ones, including darkening and scab formation. Our patient was a 40-year-old woman of C...

Traumatic lumbar punctures (TLPs) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia are associated with a poorer prognosis. The objective of this study was to determine risk factors for TLPs using a retrospective cohort. We compared and contrasted three different regression methods for the analysis of repeated-measures data. In the multivariable model using generalized estimating equations, variabl...

The theory for time-resolved, pump-probe, photoemission spectroscopy and other pump-probe experiments is developed. The formal development is completely general, incorporating all of the nonequilibrium effects of the pump pulse and the finite time width of the probe pulse, and including possibilities for taking into account band structure and matrix element effects, surface states, and the inte...

The basolateral amygdala (BLA) has substantial effects on the neuronal transmission and synaptic plasticity processes through the dentate gyrus. Orexin neuropeptides play different roles in the sleep/wakefulness cycle, feeding, learning, and memory. The present study was conducted to investigate the function of the orexin receptors of the BLA in the hippocampal local interneuron circuits. For t...

In this study, a new numerical method is introduced to obtain the exact shape of output pulse in the chalcogenide fiber Bragg grating (FBG). A Gaussian pulse shape with 173 ps width is used as an input pulse for lunching to a 6.6 mm nonlinear FBG. Because of bistable and hysteresis nature of nonlinear FBG the time sequence of each portion of pulse is affected the shape of output pulse. So we di...

In cricket calling songs, pulse rate is often the feature that allows females to home on the songs of conspeciÞc males while ignoring those of other species. A previous study of the sibling speciesGryllus rubensScudderandG. texensisCade&Otte fromwesternFlorida showedunexpected effects of developmental conditions and parental generation on the pulse rates of their songs. The current study tested...