The stereocilia of the cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) transduce vibrations into the sensory receptor current. Until now, mechanisms for deflecting these stereocilia have not been identified experimentally. Here, we identify a mechanism by using the electromechanical properties of the soma of the outer hair cell to produce an intracochlear, mechanical force stimulus. It is known that the soma ...

Laminar-to-turbulent transition in pulsatile flow through a stenosis is studied by means of three-dimensional numerical simulations. The flow transition is associated with the occurrence of a flow instability initiating in the stenosis region. The instability is manifested by a three-dimensional symmetry-breaking and leads to asymmetric separation and intense swirling motion downstream of the s...

CONTEXT Pulsatile lavage is a high-pressure irrigation treatment used increasingly in a variety of health care settings to debride wounds. Infection control precautions are not routinely used during the procedure and are not included in pulsatile lavage equipment package labeling. OBJECTIVES To investigate an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and to test the hypothesis t...

Introduction Numerous investigations suggest that the complex flow fields occurring in medium and large arteries are related to the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Coronary arteries are among the most commonly diseased vessels. There are indications that flow pulsatility, as well as flexibility and motion of coronary artery during each contraction and expansion of the heart are ...

AIMS To investigate the effect of central corneal thickness and corneal curvature on intraocular pressure measurements using the pulsatile ocular blood flow tonograph and the Goldmann applanation tonometer, and to assess the agreement between the pulsatile ocular blood flow tonograph and the Goldmann applanation tonometer in intraocular pressure measurement. METHODS 479 subjects underwent int...

Arterial stent deployment by balloon or selfexpandable structure introduces shear forces and radial forces that can damage or remove the endothelial cell layer. These factors can subsequently cause failure by restenosis or endothelial leaks. These conditions can be exacerbated by pulsatile blood flow and arterial asymmetry, which can cause migration or displacement. In mechanical or finiteeleme...

The pathway of the vein of hypoglossal canal has not been mentioned in venous origin pulsatile tinnitus. We wished to clarify the possible complications related to this venous variant. We described 2 rare cases of troublesome pulsatile tinnitus associated with prominent vein of hypoglossal canal, which communicates with the jugular bulb and the marginal sinus. Both cases were successfully treat...

Starting jets emanating from a straight nozzle and orifices of different orifice-to-tube diameter ratios are investigated using time-resolved particle image velocimetry. The invariants the motion, namely, circulation, hydrodynamic impulse, kinetic energy, measured compared to classic slug-flow model, this for both fixed exhaust speed diameter-based Reynolds numbers. An extension model is propos...