We studied the rates of seed removal by different granivores, in different microsites, at different times, in a Patagonian shrub steppe in South America. Granivory rates of exotic (Phalaris canariensis) and native (Mulinum spinosum) seed species were an order of magnitude lower than those reported for another cool desert from North America with comparable climatic conditions. Insects and rodent...

Four palm species, previously unknown hosts for Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), were killed by this invasive weevil in Balboa Park, San Diego County, California, USA. The 4 new species recorded as reproductive R. the first time are Brahea edulis, Jubaea chilensis, Phoenix reclinata, and Sabal bermudana (all Arecaceae). canariensis Chabaud (Arecaceae) is most highly attack...

The detection qualitative of Phytochemical compounds extracts was carried out using color reagents, total content phenols and flavonoids specified folin– ciocalteu aluminium chloride method, respectively, antioxidant activity determined through its ability to free radicals scavenging DPPH radical. efficacy the plant against pathogenic bacteria studied by agar well diffusion method with differen...

Pinus canariensis is endemic to the western Canary Islands (NW coast of Africa), where it forms forest spanning an altitude from 500 to 2500 m. There are dramatic changes in environmental conditions (temperature, moisture and solar radiation) over short distances due to this elevation gradient in the Canary Island pine forest. Those differences in environmental conditions may lead to asynchrono...

15 The endemic pine, Pinus canariensis, forms one of the main forest ecosystems in the 16 Canary Islands. In this archipelago, pine forest is a mosaic of natural stands (remnants 17 of past forest overexploitation) and artificial stands planted from the 1940’s. The 18 genetic makeup of the artificially regenerated forest is of some concern. The use of 19 reproductive material with uncontrolled ...