Protozoan parasites have tremendously diverse lifestyles that require adaptation to a remarkable assortment of different environmental conditions. In order to complete their life cycles, protozoan parasites rely on fine-tuning gene expression. In general, protozoa use novel regulatory elements, transcription factors, and epigenetic mechanisms to regulate their transcriptomes. One of the most su...

Storm water and agricultural runoff frequently contain agrochemicals, fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), and zoonotic pathogens. Entry of such contaminants into aquatic ecosystems may affect ecology and human health. This study tested the hypothesis that the herbicide atrazine and the fungicide chlorothalonil indirectly affect the survival of FIB (Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis) and a ...

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the neglected tropical diseases in world. It becomes fatal if not diagnosed/or treated on time. The causative agent disease protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani. About 500,000 new cases VL occur annually all over world [1].

Some Cyprinid fish species: Cyprinion macrostomum (Heckel, 1843), Capoeta umbla Chondrostoma regium and Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) living naturally in the Murat River, were investigated for Protozoan Crustacean parasite fauna their distribution. Fish samples collected from different stations between July 2017 - June 2019, examined Bingöl University Zoology Research Laboratory, data expl...

A series of articles by W.J. Freeland published in the 1970s proposed that social organization and behavioral processes were heavily influenced by parasitic infections, which led to a number of intriguing hypotheses concerning how natural selection might act on social factors because of the benefits of avoiding parasite infections. For example, Freeland [1979] showed that all individuals within...