speaking is one of the most important skills to be developed and enhanced as means of effective communication. speaking skill is regarded one of the most difficult aspects of language learning. many language learners find it difficult to express themselves in spoken language. they are generally facing problems to use the foreign language to express their thoughts effectively. they stop talking ...

This note is motivated by the similarity between multiobjective programming (MOP) and bargaining theory. It uses the known MOP concepts to establish two new bargaining results: (1) the efficiency of KalaiSmorodinsky (KS) and Nash (NA) solutions for large classes of bargaining problems can be refined to the sharper concept of proper efficiency; (2) the independence of irrelevant alternatives (II...

Earlier we proposed modeling echo residuals by using multiple echo models built from a set of speci c announcement. Experienced callers may interrupt the prompt by speaking the keywords over the prompt. This leads to incomplete prompt echoes that was not properly modeled by multiple echo models. In this study, we investigate further improvements by building an echo model of each word in the ent...

Corrosion prediction in multiphase flow has been a challenging task in oil and gas industry for many years. Strictly speaking, the existing mechanistic CO2 corrosion models can only be used in single-phase flow. To add the capability of predicting corrosion in multiphase flow, the mass transfer and the turbulent diffusivity correlations in the models have to be modified to properly calculate th...

so long manage to live in a poorly decent style, that becoming his position, at a monthly cost of say Rs. 75, he will now that he has been deprived of tjie Sub require much more for the purpose, for fear that he will otherwise be lowered in the eyes of the people. That Sub-Assistant Surgeons are the worst paid of Government officials (leaving aside their future prospects, which, properly speaki...

This keynote presentation is about the various dynamic aspects of speech (energy envelope, spectral variation, voicing and pitch variation, speaking style and pronunciation variation, and influence of communication channel). The related speech signal characteristics are measured and modeled and are tested in listening experiments. Consequences for speech recognition and speech synthesis are dis...

In 1992, Wilf and Zeilberger conjectured that a hypergeometric term in several discrete and continuous variables is holonomic if and only if it is proper. Strictly speaking the conjecture does not hold, but it is true when reformulated properly: Payne proved a piecewise interpretation in 1997, and independently, Abramov and Petkovšek in 2002 proved a conjugate interpretation. Both results addre...

In 1992, Wilf and Zeilberger conjectured that a hypergeometric term in several discrete and continuous variables is holonomic if and only if it is proper. Strictly speaking the conjecture does not hold, but it is true when reformulated properly: Payne proved a piecewise interpretation in 1997, and independently, Abramov and Petkovšek in 2002 proved a conjugate interpretation. Both results addre...

Effective Public Speaking Technique Training to Improve Proficiency in Organizations is held provide solutions for problems within the IKBI organization PT. Nusantara Plantation Unit PG. Pangkah Afdeling Jatibarang as a partner. There were 27 participants who attended training which was at PG meeting building subdistrict, Slawi Tegal, Central Java. The majority of its members are still constrai...

the present study was conducted to compare the effect of individual and group pre-task planning on efl learners’ accuracy and complexity in speaking. to fulfill the purpose of the study, 60 intermediate female learners at the first grade of high school were chosen by means of a sample preliminary english test (pet) and randomly divided into two experimental groups of 30 students; the individual...