The competencies required by the five practice models that constitute the total pharmacy care (TPC) model are discussed. Understanding the differences among the competencies required by the five practice models can help pharmacy's leaders estimate the extent of change that may be necessary whenever a change in practice is contemplated. Professional competence in any of the practice models is de...

Drawing on theory and empirical findings from a 35-year research program in the behavioral sciences on how to improve professional effectiveness through reflective practice, we develop a model of "debriefing with good judgment." The model specifies a rigorous reflection process that helps trainees surface and resolve pressing clinical and behavioral dilemmas raised by the simulation. Based on t...

This paper establishes current theoretical understanding on the development of professional judgment and decision-making (PJDM) expertise within applied sport psychology (ASP). Traditional and naturalistic paradigms of decision making are contrasted and the resulting blending of systematic analysis and intuition most appropriate for applied practice is explained through the concept of skilled i...

This paper argues that self-interest and concern for others influence behavior through different cognitive systems. Self-interest is automatic, viscerally compelling, and often unconscious. Understanding one’s ethical and professional obligations to others, in contrast, often involves a more thoughtful process. The automatic nature of self-interest gives it a primal power to influence judgment ...

The urge to merge has never been more compelling, however, than in the wake of the recent passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The health reform efforts are reshaping the landscape for physicians, challenging their basic historic values about professional autonomy. Doctors are encouraged to rely more on collaborative clinical outcomes research than on individual judgment t...