We investigate the security of n-bit to m-bit vectorial Boolean functions in stream ciphers. Such stream ciphers have higher throughput than those using single-bit output Boolean functions. However, as shown by Zhang and Chan at Crypto 2000, linear approximations based on composing the vector output with any Boolean functions have higher bias than those based on the usual correlation attack. In...

We resolve the ambiguity in existing definitions of the effective area of a waveguide mode that have been reported in the literature by examining which definition leads to an accurate evaluation of the effective Kerr nonlinearity. We show that the effective nonlinear coefficient of a waveguide mode can be written as the product of a suitable average of the nonlinear coefficients of the waveguid...

This paper addresses the use of temperature measurements to estimate product compositions in distillation columns. A simple linear multivariate calibration procedure based on steady-state data is used, which requires minimal modeling effort. It is found that these principal-component-regression (PCR) and partial-least-squares (PLS) estimators perform well, even for multicomponent mixtures, pres...

In this paper, analytical structure of Simplest fuzzy controllers are derived for Center of Sum and Height defuzzification methods, under Mamdani Minimum and Larsen Product reasoning, using asymmetrical/ symmetrical, trapezoidal/ triangular/singleton output membership function. The drawbacks, errors of existing analytical structures are discussed and revised accordingly. The analysis of derived...

We study local and global well-posedness of the initial value problem for the Schrödinger-Debye equation in the periodic case. More precisely, we prove local well-posedness for the periodic Schrödinger-Debye equation with subcritical nonlinearity in arbitrary dimensions. Moreover, we derive a new a priori estimate for the H norm of solutions of the periodic Schrödinger-Debye equation. A novel p...

A multiwire proportional counter !MWPC" based on a backgammon-type design has been developed for the detection of x-ray photons in two dimensions over the energy range of 4–6 keV. The MWPC was designed for operation in an experimental spectroscopy application requiring single photon counting over a wide range of count rates, high photon detection efficiency and resolution, and a highly linear r...

* This work was supported, in part, by Texas Instruments Inc., Rocketchips Inc, and the R. J. Carver trust. Abstract A new algorithm based on a code density test to measure Integral Non-linearity (INL) of Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converters is introduced. This algorithm uses as an input two related but unknown ‘ramp-like’ signals that can be practically generated on-chip and the corresponding co...

Edward Liu, Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Georges Gielen, and Paul R. Gray Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley, California 94720 Abstract This paper presents a behavioral representation for the class of Nyquist rate A/D converters. The representation captures the nominal A/D behavior, as well as all the statistical variations. The var...

To estimate the measurement uncertainty using a modular DAQ system, factors influencing the quality of A/D modules have to be determined. While integral and differential non-linearity describes the static quality of an ADC, the effective number of bits or SINAD are typical integral parameters characterising the dynamic quality of an A/D module. The paper analyses how individual disturbing facto...

Conventionally, the integral non-linearity of an analogue to digital converter (ADC) is measured using a pure sine wave test signal [1]. The measured amplitude probability distribution function (APDF) of the ADC output is compared with the ideal distribution and the differences used to calculate integral non-linearity error (INL). Accuracy of this method is limited by the practical problem of g...