Moral decision procedures such as principlism or casuistry require intuition at certain junctures, as when a principle seems indeterminate, or principles conflict, or we wonder which paradigm case is most relevantly similar to the instant case. However, intuitions are widely thought to lack epistemic justification, and many ethicists urge that such decision procedures dispense with intuition in...

BACKGROUND The second half of the 20th century saw not only important developments in medical science and technology, but also a rapid growth in the application of biomedical ethics in medical decision making. Withdrawal of treatment, allowing to die, informed consent, and patient autonomy are concerns that now comprise a part of the overall medical treatment, particularly in patients with head...

The need for explicit theoretical reflection on cross-cultural bioethics continues to grow as the spread of communication technologies and increased human migration has made interactions between medical professionals and patients from different cultural backgrounds much more common. I claim that this need presents us with the following dilemma. On the one hand, we do not want to operate accordi...

Reports focusing on biomedical principlism and the role of anaesthesiologists in palliative care are rare. We present the case of a newborn with multiple craniofacial anomalies and a diagnosis of ADAM "sequence," in which surgical removal of placental adhesions to the dura mater and the correction of meningocele was not indicated due to the very short life expectancy. After 48 hours, the odor f...

The Brazilian Dentistry Code of Ethics (DCE), Resolution CFO-71 from May 2006, is an instrument created to guide dentists' behavior in relation to the ethical aspects of professional practice. The purpose of the study is to analyze the above mentioned code comparing the deontological and bioethical focuses. In order to do so, an interpretative analysis of the code and of twelve selected texts w...

Objective The purpose of this paper is to highlight some observations of clinical decision making processes made by culturally and linguistically diverse nurses (CALD), in relation to elderly patients in particular. It will explore some of the potentially serious professional and legal implications for nurses when there is an over reliance on experiential knowledge and routine tasks without min...

public health principles’. Importantly, through the application of different frameworks, we came to a common conclusion: even if a contraceptive method increased HIV transmission risk, restrictions on the use of that contraceptive should not be imposed. Contraceptive choice should remain with the individual woman, in consultation with her health care provider. A limitation with human rights and...

AbstractIslamic Republic of Iran as an Islamic and independent country on original ideology of “Islam” announced freedom of political parties within the Constitution (Act, 26). After Islamic Revolution victory in 1979, two main factions formed, “Principlism” and “Reformism”. “Reformism” seems a challenging issue to Iranian nation as it may appear adopted on the Western ideology. This stud...

BACKGROUND Starting dialysis at an advanced age is a clinical challenge and an ethical dilemma. The advantages of starting dialysis at "extreme" ages are questionable as high dialysis-related morbidity induces a reflection on the cost- benefit ratio of this demanding and expensive treatment in a person that has a short life expectancy. Where clinical advantages are doubtful, ethical analysis ca...

The Islamic moral code originates from two primary sources: the Quran and the Sunnah (Rady and Verheijde 2014a). Regardless of time and place, this code provides practical and comprehensive guidance on behavioral aspects in health and illness. In Western principlism-based bioethics, medical futility justifies withholding and withdrawing of life-sustaining treatment (LST) based on a subjective d...