translation studies have become an accepted academic subject and books, journals and doctoral dissertations appear faster than one can read them all (bassnet and lefevere, 1990). but this field also brought with itself so many other issues which needed to be investigated more, in the heart of which, issues like ideology, ethics, culture, bilingualism and multilingualism. it is reported that ove...

Background: In recent decades, traditional medical ethics which is confined to certain commands and prohibitions, is substituted by modern medical ethics which deals with problems such as euthanasia, abortion, organ transplantation, etc. and tries to find proper ethical solutions. These solutions wittingly or unwittingly are rooted in certain philosophical foundations. Methods: The philosophy o...

muhammad ibn muhammad ibn numan, known as "shaykh mufid," one of the great imamiye theologians and jurists in the fourth and early fifth century , had comprehensive mastery of both rational and traditional topics and exerted his influence upon both his contemporary and future scholors. he is considered to be one of the top imamiye scholars who spent his lifetime teaching, learning and authorin...

Background: In the recent years, new medical technologies and their probable misusing have emerged public concerns about medical ethics. Medical ethics is a practical discipline that provides a structured approach for identifying, analyzing, and resolving ethical issues in clinical medicine. Methods: In this study we reviewed some new methods of teaching medical ethics in other countries by s...

Background: Implementation of an organizational entrepreneurship pattern, by determining the effective indicators on it is an important social issue in organization. Indicators give identity to an organizational entrepreneurship pattern. As an effective indicator, professional ethics can be an important motivational tool in the organization, and professional ethics can be an appropriate platfor...