Primary antibody deficiencies (PAD) are a group of immune system disorders, associated with decreased levels of secretory and protective immunoglobulins. Because of the important role of immunoglobulins in the protection of oral cavity, patients with PADs are more susceptible to dental caries or oral manifestations. This study was performed to investigate the oral and dental manifestations of P...

INTRODUCTION Patients with primary antibody deficiency (PAD) can complicate with liver disease. This study was performed in order to study the prevalence and causes of hepatobiliary diseases in Iranian patients with PAD. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-two patients with PAD were followed-up and signs and symptoms of liver disease were recorded. All patients were screened for hepatitis C virus (HCV...

The primary purpose of this systematic review was to produce an evidence-based review of the literature as a means of informing current clinical practice in the recognition, diagnosis and management of patients with suspected primary antibody deficiency. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from a search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, DARE (CRD website) and CINAHL by c...

Primary antibody deficiencies (PAD) form the largest group of inherited disorders of the immune system. They are characterized by a marked reduction or absence of serum immunglobulins (Ig) and/or a poor response to vaccination due to disturbed B-cell differentiation. PAD can be divided in agammaglobulinemia, Ig class switch recombination defects (formerly called hyper IgM syndromes), and idiopa...

Expression of selected genes in hematopoietic stem cells has been identified as a regulator of differentiation of B cells in the liver and bone marrow. Moreover, naïve B cells expressing surface immunoglobulin need other types of genes for antigen-dependent development in secondary lymphoid organs. Many advanced molecular mechanisms underlying primary antibody deficiencies in humans have been d...