Background and Aims: Torque teno virus (TTV) is a DNA virus that isolated from the serum of a Japanese patient without A-G transfusion-transmitted hepatitis and other etiology. TTV is detectable in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, different body fluids and secretions such as stools, saliva, semen, vaginal fluid. The genome exhibits high diversity that has enabled the determination...

introduction : regular blood transfusions for patients with thalassemia major have improved their overall survival, but carry a definite risk of being infected with blood born viruses especially hepatitis b and c. nowadays, it has remained as main health concern about these patients. in this study, we tried to define the prevalence rate of hepatitis b and c and survey the related risk factors a...

background there have been studies regarding the prevalence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and anti-hepatitis c antibody (hcvab) in iran. however, the majority of these have reported a variety of rates, depending on their study population, which limits the generalizability of their results to the general population. on the other hand, cultural diversity in the different provinces of ira...

background: hemophilia a and b are the most frequent congenital coagulation disorders. this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of hepatitis b, c and human immunodeficiency viruses among hemophilic patients in hamadan, iran. patients and methods: in this study, patients with hemophilia a and b treated in hamedan hemophilia center, hamedan, iran, were screened for hepatitis b, c and ...

Background and Aims: Almost 350 million people worldwide are carriers of hepatitis B virus. The rate of chronic carriers in Iran is about 3%.  Therefore Iran is categorized as a country with moderate rate of infection with this virus. In developing countries, transmission from mother to fetus and newborn is considered as one of the main routes of transmission. So, this study investigated t...

Background: Scleroderma is a chronic systemic disorder that affects the connective tissues. It is characterized by several immune manifestations, inflammation, vascular damage, and fibrosis. Some of the viral infections with complex mechanisms are involved in the development and progression of many autoimmune diseases, such as scleroderma. The present study aimed to investigate the serological ...

Among 397,640 first-time blood donors screened in South Africa during 2012-2015, HIV prevalence was 1.13%, hepatitis B virus prevalence 0.66%, and hepatitis C virus prevalence 0.03%. Findings of note were a high HIV prevalence in Mpumalanga Province and the near absence of hepatitis C virus nationwide.