Case report A 24-year-old Japanese woman was first examined in her 12th week of pregnancy for a complaint of blurred vision in both eyes accompanied by headache and hearing loss. Her visual acuity was 6/10 right eye and 6/12 left eye. She had 1+ cells and flare in both anterior chambers. Serous retinal detachment involved the macular areas of both eyes (Fig 1). Intraocular pressure was 20 mm Hg...

Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a multifactorial disease characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell death and visual field loss. It is known that alterations in intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure (BP), and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) can play a significant role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Impaired autoregulatory capacity of ocular blood vessels may render tissu...

Glaucoma refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders that involve retinal ganglion cell death, optic nerve damage, and loss of visual field. Glaucoma is a leading cause of vision loss worldwide, affecting an estimated 67 million people. Elevated intraocular pressure is a major risk factor for glaucoma. Individuals with malformations of structures of the anterior segment of the eye frequently d...

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an ophthalmic emergency which requires early diagnosis and treatment with high dose systemic corticosteroids in order to prevent permanent visual loss. However, systemic corticosteroids have significant ocular side effects including cataract formation, raised intraocular pressure, and less commonly, central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). We report a case of visua...

Senile cataract is the leading cause of severe vision loss and blindness worldwide, affecting approximately 20 million people. Anterior chamber intraocular lens (AC IOLs) remain a surgical option for visual rehabilitation required after surgical extraction of the cataract lens. Relevant publications in the PUBMED database were searched for articles regarding the types, visual outcomes and the c...

The visual acuity of five divers in a dry pressure chamber was measured with a Landolt C test. Only one of them showed a significant reduction at 7.0 atm. These results contrast sharply with open sea experiments, which show a considerable reduction at much lower pressures (Baddeley, 1968). It is suggested that besides stresses, luminance differences, also turbidity, as a function of depth may a...

purpose : to determine and evaluate the visual acuity (va) and refracion of correcting compound severe myopic astigmatism with the artisan toric intraocular lenses (iols) methods : in this noncontrolled clinical trial, 15 patients with severe astigmatism and at least 2.0 diopters (d) of astigmatism were enrolled. all patients met the inclusion criteria. artisan toric iol implantation was recomm...

Permanent visual loss is a devastating yet preventable complication of cryptococcal meningitis. Early and aggressive management of cerebrospinal fluid pressure in conjunction with antifungal therapy is required. Historically, the mechanisms of visual loss in cryptococcal meningitis have included optic neuritis and papilloedema. Hence, the basis of visual loss therapy has been steroid therapy an...

purpose: to evaluate the ability to predict visual outcome after penetrating keratoplasty (pkp) in patients with pseudophakic or aphakic corneal edema (pce or ace). methods: medical records of 34 patients (34 eyes) who underwent pkp for pce or ace during 1994-2004 in ahvaz were retrospectively analyzed for variables in the history and ocular examination before pkp and visual outcome after pkp. ...