statement of the problem: porcelain laminate veneer is an esthetic restoration used as an alternative to full veneer crowns and requires minimal tooth preparation. in restoration with porcelain laminate veneers, both the longevity of the laminate and conservation of the sound tooth structure are imperative. purpose: the present study aimed to investigate the shear bond strength of porcelain lam...

As food legislation calls for methods of control, reliable analytical methods have to be available to make the enforcement of regulations possible. The reliability of analysis data can be improved through the use of methods that fulfil certain performance criteria (demonstrated in interlaboratory studies) and the application of analytical quality assurance (AQA) procedures is recommended, inclu...

The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) Technology Committee provides reviews of existing, new, or emerging endoscopic technologies that have an impact on the practice of GI endoscopy. Evidence-based methods are used with a MEDLINE literature search to identify pertinent clinical studies on the topic and a MAUDE (Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiologica...

A panorama of sample preparation methods has been composed from 481 references, with a highlight of some promising methods fast developed during recent years and a somewhat brief introduction on most of the well-developed methods. All the samples were commonly referred to molecular composition, being extendable to particles including cells but not to organs, tissues and larger bodies. Some crit...

Sample preparation. The structure of CoPOM and ZnPOM have been previously reported. The complexes used in this work have been synthesized using the procedure described for the analogous MnII compound but using Co(SO4) and Zn(SO4) instead of Mn(SO4). HiPCo SWNTs were purchased from Carbon Inc. and purified by the gas phase method. All the solutions were prepared using Millipore water. Functional...

PDLCs consist of liquid crystal droplets that are dispersed in a solid polymer matrix. The resulting material is a sort of "swiss cheese" polymer with liquid crystal droplets filling in the holes. These tiny droplets (a few microns across for practical applications) are responsible for the unique behavior of the material. By changing the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules with an elect...

atraumatic restorative treatment (art) is a minimal intervention technique in the management of carious lesions, which results in negligible discomfort to the patient. the aim of this study was to assess and compare the discomfort levels during atraumatic restorative treatment and minimal cavity preparation (mcp: a method using rotary instruments) treatment procedures in a sample of school chil...

the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of apical negative pressure (anp), manual dynamic agitation (mda), passive ultrasonic irrigation (pui) and needle irrigation (ni) as final irrigation activation techniques for smear layer removal in curved root canals.mesiobuccal root canals of 80 freshly extracted maxillary first molars with curvatures ranging between 25° and 35° were used. a gl...

in this research different types of al2o3 were used as supports to prepare catalysts for dehydrogenation of isobutane to isobutene. these supports were al2o3 from merck, axen and gamma al2o3 synthesized from al(oh)3. sn/pt/al2o3 catalysts were prepared by sequential impregnation, at first pt and then sn was deposited. characterization of catalysts was performed by x-ray powder diffraction (xrd)...

the biologic width (bw) includes attached epithelial cells and connective tissue attachment complex being very important in the periodontal health during prosthetic treatments as invading this zone can cause bone resorption and gingival recession. the present study investigated biologic width values in the normal periodontium in anterior and posterior teeth. 30 patients that referred from resto...