Modern strategies for preventing or controlling pain and anxiety demand a premedication for operations using local anesthesia and for those using sedation or general anesthesia. For optimal patient care, the premedication should be given orally and, with respect to the outpatient basis of the operations, should have a short recovery period. Midazolam, one of the most favored premedications for ...

Our study sought to determine whether premedication with intramuscular midazolam would decrease the time to induction of anaesthesia with intravenous midazolam, and if so whether induction of anaesthesia would be as rapid as with thiopentone or ketamine, intravenously. Eight-nine patients, ASA physical status I or II, received midazolam 0.2 mg X kg-1, thiopentone 3.0 mg X kg-1, or ketamine 2.0 ...

A report by the Royal College of Psychiatrists recommended avoiding atropine premedication during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). We have examined the cardiovascular effects of ECT with or without atropine premedication. Consenting patients (n = 30) were allocated randomly before their third ECT session to receive atropine or no premedication. The rate pressure product (RPP) was recorded befor...

The effects were studied, in eight healthy volunteers, of premedication with diazepam 0.14 mg kg-1 by mouth or hyoscine 6 micrograms kg-1 + morphine 0.2 mg kg-1 i.m., or no premedication, on toxic symptoms and plasma concentrations after rapid i.v. injection of lignocaine 1 mg kg-1. The alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) and albumin plasma protein fractions were assessed. A variety of mild central...

A case of anaphylaxis occurring during a general anesthesia is presented. The reaction was severe with bronchospasm and hypotension (grade 2 in the severity of per-operative anaphylactic shock). The responsibility of hydroxyzine, administered for premedication was suspected by intradermal testing with the molecule, which was twice positive at a 10(-2) dilution of the commercial solution. The sa...

Among the different results that may be achieved with premedication such as amnesia, optimization of preoperative conditions and prevention of physiological stress, the primary aim in children is anxiolysis. Almost 50% of children show signs of significant preoperative fear and anxiety 1 . It has been reported that there are correlations between heart rate, blood pressure, and behavioral rating...

BACKGROUND Premedication is rarely used in avian species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of premedication on the quality of sevoflurane induction and anaesthesia in parrots. We hypothesised that premedication would facilitate handling and decrease the minimum anaesthetic dose (MAD). Thirty-six adult parrots were randomly distributed in three groups: group S (n = 12) was premed...

Angiotensin II (Ang II) enhances insulin sensitivity in humans, and this is associated with a paradoxical increase in skeletal muscle blood flow. It is unclear whether these effects are mediated via subtype 1 receptors of Ang II, because these receptors are thought to mediate vasoconstriction. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (euglycemic clamp technique) and leg muscle blood flow (plethysmogra...

BACKGROUND Many patients have preoperative anxiety; therefore, the development of a strong anxiolytic with minimal psychomotor impairment for premedication may be desirable. METHODS In this study, 60 patients were randomized into two groups to receive either oral Passiflora incarnata (500 mg, Passipy IranDarouk) (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) as premedication, 90 min before surgery. A numerical...