A 28 years female pregnant; 15 week +3 days gestational age, G0, P1, A0; presented for routine antenatal care visit in primary health care center. She had done the investigation in privet hospital showing rubella +ve IgM, CMV +ve IgG. Taking full history, the patient had simple flu like illness several weeks ago with no treatment is needed, no recent contact with a case of rubella nor recent va...

This review examines human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) or pregnancy tests from multiple perspectives. It first investigates the molecule hCG and shows that the term represents five independent molecules differing in carbohydrate and meric structure that share a common amino acid sequence. The review goes on to show that multiple degradation produces also the need to be tested for an hCG or pre...

Many different methods have been devised for the early detection of pregnancy [5]. From the time of the Ancient Egyptians, inspection of the urine has been a popular place to start. However, it was not until the discovery of hormones [6] in the early twentieth century that the development of truly reliable pregnancy [5] tests occurred. Prior to 1978, when the first home pregnancy [5] tests beca...

492 CLINICAL CHEMISTRY, Vol.31, No. 3, 1985 1. Fishlock RC, Bieber LL, Snoswell AM. Sources of error in determinations of carnitine and acylcarnitine in plasma. Clin Chem 30, 316-318 (1984). 2. Brass EP, Hoppel CL. Carnitine metabolism in the fasting rat. J Biol Chem 253, 2688-2693 (1978). 3. Genuth SM, Hoppel CL. Plasma and urine carnitine in diabetic ketosis. Diabetes 28, 1083-1087 (1978). 4....

Aim: The goal of this study was to establish the level awareness amongst pregnant women in terms preparation for an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT), compare results two waves data collection, and identify most frequent preanalytical mistakes made connection oGTT. Design: Comparison 2 cross-sectional studies. Methods: From 2013–2017 independent questionnaire studies were performed on a ...