Due to the toxic nature of PbO in Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT), the most common type of piezoceramic, many studies on lead-free materials are being conducted worldwide (Röedel et al., 2009). One of the most studied groups of lead-free ferroelectric materials is based on a solid solution of potassium sodium niobate, K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN) (Jaffe et al., 1971; Kosec et al., 2008). However, activity in attempts...

Pathogenetic studies have demonstrated that the interdependency of sodium and potassium affects blood pressure. Emerging evidences on the sodium-to-potassium ratio show benefits for a reduction in sodium and an increase in potassium compared to sodium and potassium separately. As presently there is no known review, this article examined the practical use of the sodium-to-potassium ratio in dail...

We report measurements of thermal self-locking of a Fabry–Perot cavity containing a potassium niobate (KNbO3) crystal. We develop a method to determine linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients in intracavity crystals by detailed analysis of the transmission line shapes. These line shapes are typical of optical bistability in thermally loaded cavities. For our crystal we determine th...

Two frequency components of an IR laser beam near 980 nm are simultaneously coupled into two adjacent longitudinal modes of a passive ring resonator. A potassium niobate crystal inside the resonator converts the circulating IR light into coherent blue radiation. The total conversion efficiency is enhanced by a factor of 1.4 compared with that of conventional single-mode intracavity second-harmo...

for investigation deficit irrigation and nitrogen application effect on nutrients uptake of henna ecotypes, this research was conducted in the form of split-split-plot on the basis of randomized complete block design with four replications in the research field of islamic azad university, jiroft, iran in 2013-2014. the main, sub and sub-sub plot were deficit irrigation (100, 75 and 50% of crop ...

Background and aims: Bread is considered as one of the important sources of sodium in the Iraniandiet and salt is the main source of sodium, which is used to produce bread. The assessment of dietaryintake is a reliable method that shows nutritional problems in the community. Therefore, the purposeof this study was to evaluate the intake of salt, sodium, and potassium through b...