Cadmium, is a highly toxic heavy metal, and is a known carcinogen, clastogen and a mutagen and it poses severe risk to human health. Humans are exposed to cadmium via variable modes i.e. through food and drinking water, by inhalation, cigarette smoking etc. It serves no physiological function within mammalian system. ATSDR (The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry) has listed cadmiu...

Application of selective non-catalytic reduction systems at municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) often involves over-stoichiometric injection of ammonia into flue gases. Un-reacted ammonia may be deposited on fly ash particles and can ultimately influence the leaching behaviour of air-pollution-control (APC) residues. Batch tests were conducted to investigate the impacts of ammonia levels...

the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of administering antioxidants, including vitamin c and chitosan on oxidative stress markers in muscle as edible tissues of cyprinus carpio exposed to cadmium chloride. in this experiment, by exposing to 0.2 mg/l cadmium chloride for 21 days, fish were fed a normal diet, diet containing chitosan (1000 mg/kg diet), vitamin c (1000 mg/kg diet) o...

OBJECTIVES Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in bone health. Cadmium causes osteoporosis, but the exact mechanisms of its effect on MSCs are not known. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were treated with cadmium chloride (40 mg/l) in drinking water for six weeks, and then the biochemical and morphological studies on MSCs were carried out as a cellular backup for osteob...

Many industrial emissions and the exhaust of vehicles contain heavy metals . Cadmium, (Cd) is one of these heavy metals and is emitted in the gas and dust remnants of some factories like copper smelters. Cadmium has a half-life of greater than ten years in human and thus accumulates in the body over the time. It is a potentially neurotoxic pollutant and approximately 50% of the body burden of c...

A more complete study of ionic concentrations and fluxes in the giant internodal cells of Nitella translucens has been made. The vacuolar concentrations were 76 mM K and 170 mM C1. The content of the chloroplast layer was 135 m#moles K/cm 2 and 215 m/~moles C1/cm2; in a layer 9 # thick these correspond to concentrations of 150 mM K and 240 rn~ C1. Such a high level of chloride requires active t...

in order to evaluate different sources and rates of nitrogen on dry matter yield, concentration and uptake of primary macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium) in forage sorghum (hybrid of speedfeed), three levels of nitrogen (80, 160 and 240 kg n ha-1) from three n sources (urea fertilizer, cattle manure and equal combination of urea fertilizer + cattle manure) and the control (no f...

One of the important abiotic stresses that negatively affect cereals such as wheat is heavy metals. Soil pollution with heavy metals has become one of the major environmental concerns resulting from the industrial development and use of fertilizers containing heavy metals. One way to counteract the negative effects of heavy metals in plants which produce reactive oxygen species is the activatio...