The diagnostic dilemma Chronic cough is somewhat arbitrarily defined as any cough with a duration of eight weeks. It is common in primary care. In one postal survey of 11 000 patients registered with four general practices, 14% of men and 10% of women reported coughing on more than half the days in the year. In practice, smokers rarely consult about their cough because they assume (usually corr...

Introduction Rhinolithiasis is a clinical symptom caused by rhinoliths (1). Today, the incidence of rhinolith in adults is low. Rhinoliths result from mineralization of an endogenous or exogenous nidus and usually develop within the nasal cavity (1). They are a mixture of 10% organic substances and 90% inorganic material incorporated into the lesion from nasal secretions (2). Exogenous rhinolit...

Post-nasal voicing is a typologically and historically common process. This process, by which voiceless obstruents become voiced after nasals, has a well-known aerodynamic and perceptual basis: (i) prolonged voicing into the stop closure, vis-à-vis postvocalic stops, due to nasal leakage before full velic closure is achieved and oral cavity expansion due to the velum continuing to raise after v...

Nasal polyp is a benign lesion that arises from the mucosa of the nasal sinuses or from the mucosa of the nasal cavity as a macroscopic edematous mass. The exact etiology is still unknown and controversial, but it is assumed that main causes are inflammatory conditions and allergy. It is more common in allergic patients with asthma. Interleukin-5 has found to be significantly raised in nasal po...

"Nonallergic rhinopathy" was defined by consensus at a Roundtable conference in December 2008 as "a chronic nasal condition with symptoms that may be perennial, persistent, intermittent or seasonal and/or elicited by recognized triggers." The definition includes a well-recognized set of clinical exposures that lead to the symptoms, predominantly congestion, rhinorrhea, and postnasal drip. These...

Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter, 2-week treatment study evaluated FFNS 110 mcg once daily, twice daily vs. placebo in adults/ adolescents with uncomplicated ARS. Eligibility criteria reflected a clinical diagnosis and eliminated confounding conditions like common cold, symptomatic allergic rhinitis (AR), and other sinonasal conditions. Subj...