BACKGROUND When encountering a difficult airway with an Airway Scope (AWS) a bougie can be inserted into the endotracheal tube in the AWS channel. The angulated tip of the bougie can be guided toward the glottis by rotating it. We tested the ease of rotating bougies (Venn reusable, Boussignac, Portex single-use, and Frova) in an endotracheal tube when placed in the AWS channel. METHODS Bench ...

A quantitative method of monitoring neuromuscular blockade has been recently introduced. It has been suggested, when using mivacurium, that a standardized passage of time be used for induction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a difference existed in intubating conditions when using mivacurium between a timed-dose technique and the ParaGraph (Vital Signs, Inc., Totowa, New Jer...

The purpose of the study was to determine intubating conditions after administration of either succinylcholine or vecuronium in a rapid induction sequence. Patients received either succinylcholine 1.5 mg.kg-1 (Groups I and II) after d-tubocurarine 0.05 mg.kg-1 four minutes earlier, or vecuronium (Groups III and IV) in an initial dose of 0.01 mg.kg-1 followed four minutes later by 0.1 mg.kg-1. I...

BACKGROUND The authors compared the performance of a prototype intubation aid that incorporated plastic illumination and image guides into a stylet with fiberoptic bronchoscopy and direct laryngoscopy for tracheal intubation by novice users. METHODS In a randomized, nonblinded design, patients were assigned to direct laryngoscopy, fiberoptic bronchoscopy, or imaging stylet intubation groups. ...

Stylet sheath formation is a common feature among phytophagous hemipterans. These sheaths are considered essential to promote a successful feeding event. Stylet sheath compositions are largely unknown and their mode of solidification remains to be elucidated. This report demonstrates the formation and solidification of in āere (in air) produced stylet sheaths by six hemipteran families: Diaphor...

CONCLUSION The study shows that there are differences in the measurement of the action potentials with and without the stylet in the Nucleus Freedom Contour Advance that are higher in the apex than in the base of the cochlea. OBJECTIVES To determine if there are differences in the intraoperative impedances and in the neural response telemetry threshold values in the Nucleus Freedom Contour Ad...

Gracilacus wuae n. sp. from soil associated with cow parsnip in Ontario, Canada is described and illustrated. Morphologically, females have a long stylet ranging from 80 to 93 µm long, the lip region not offset from the body contour, without lateral lips but with large and flat submedian lobes, the mouth opening slit-like elongated laterally and surrounded by lateral flaps, the excretory pore i...

Cisatracurium provides superior hemodynamic stability with only minor release of histamine, and its metabolism via Hoffman elimination is independent of organ function. However, use of cisatracurium is limited because of reportedly slower onset and unsatisfactory intubating conditions. Many studies have shown that remifentanil might provide reliable intubating conditions; thus, we hypothesized ...

BACKGROUND Stylets are the most frequently used devices for tracheal intubation, but can be a source of postoperative pharyngeal pain or hoarseness. In this study, we evaluated extraction forces between polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and stannum (Sn) stylets with various lubricants. FINDINGS Using a manikin, we compared extraction forces between PVC and Sn stylets under four different conditions: w...