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BACKGROUND Crack pipe sharing can increase health risks among people who use drugs, yet the reasons for sharing these pipes have not been well described. Therefore, we sought to identify the prevalence and correlates of crack pipe sharing among a community-recruited sample of people who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, a setting where crack pipes are provided at low or no cost. FINDINGS Data f...

Because of their wide application in industries requiring high pressure and temperature, manufacturing square and rectangular pipes have attracted more attention than ever before. There are various methods such as extrusion, tensile and stress for manufacturing square pipes. Another method on which studies have focused in recent years is the re-forming of round pipes in order to turn them into ...

Failures in the water distribution network are some most important factors in water losses, water shortage and dissatisfaction of users and secondary pollutions as well. This research aimed to analyze failure in water distribution networks during 2006-2008, for better water management. Daily failure reports in Ahvaz, Iran distribution network during 2006-2008, were collected from emergency depa...

In the present work, structure health monitoring (SHM) of welded steel pipes was used to diagnosis their state via vibration based damage detection techniques. The dynamic quantities such as Frequency Response Functions (FRFs), mode shapes and modal parameters from structural vibration to detect damage were measured, set on linear averaging mode, with a maximum frequency of analysis of 3.2 kHz....

The paper presents results of the modelling heat transfer at film boiling a liquid in porous medium on vertical heated wall. Such processes are observed cooling high-temperature surfaces pipes, microstructural radiators etc. Heating conditions wall were constant temperature or flux.
 An analytical solution was obtained for problem fluid flow and using model Darcy-Brinkman. It shown that le...

Investigation of exhaust emissions and ammonia flow behavior in the system incorporating with Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) unit is discussed. An aftertreatment designed to work without additional urea injection improve feasible temperature operating reduce size. This study focused on obtaining optimal parameters for catalysis using gaseus as reducing agent. Its effectiveness considered a...

1 Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile, 2 Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, 3 Departamento de Ecología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda, Chile, 4 Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias and Facultad de Artes Liberales, Universida...

1) Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84506 Bratislava, Slovakia (e-mail: [email protected]) 2) University of Trnava, Faculty of Education, Department of Biology, Priemyselná 4, P.O. Box 9, SK-91843 Trnava, Slovakia (e-mail: [email protected]) 3) Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (CSIC), Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, General S...