polydactyly is the congenital presence of one or more extra digits. the extra digit often does not contain a full complement of bones. unilateral syndactyly and polydactyl mixed-breed dog was used as a case study. a three-month old unvaccinated intact female mixed breed dog weighing 8 kg, presented with a deformity of the left forepaw was used for this study. the deformity had been present sinc...

A 38-year old female patient presented to the emergency department with pain after twisting her left foot. Findings at clinical examination included presence of a polydactyl foot with local tenderness and ecchymosis of the supernumerary toe. The additional toe is positioned on the dorsum of the foot between the fourth and fifth toe. The imaging workup included plain radiographs of the foot to e...

radial polydactyly, the most common digital duplication in asian and white populations, has a wide range of manifestations. its classification is useful for planning and assessing surgical treatment. our patient had four thumbs, duplicated radial carpal bones, and a bifurcated radius. this presentation is not covered by any of the current classifications. to the best of our knowledge, this is t...

The following case report describes the diagnosis and surgery of bilateral polydactyly of unknown origin in a dromedary camel. A two-year-old, 290 kg, intact female camel was admitted for surgical removal of bilateral supernumerary digits associated with the medial aspects of the metacarpi and proximal to the fetlock joints. Radiographic examination revealed bilateral polydactyly with complete ...

Hand plates with preaxial polydactyly from 13 human embryos of the Carnegie stages 17-23 were examined macro- and microscopically. Morphological features in early pathogenesis of preaxial polydactyly are (1) an abnormal extension and a delayed involution of the apical ectodermal ridge on the preaxial border of the hand plate in stages 17 and 18, (2) a precocious development of an interdigital n...