post – materialism and political science development dr. hossein salimi in social science area, some think that scientific studies require and content a hidden materialism. they believe a sort of interconnection and synchronization between materialism and scientific studies, however emerging and expansion of post-materialism school reveals that it is not right. in the article it will be endeavo...

In this article, Gostin and Archer explore the varied lenses through which governments are obligated to address humanitarian needs. States'responsibilities to help others derive from domestic law, political commitments, ethical values, national interests, and international law. What is needed, however, is clarity and detailed standards so that States can operationalize this responsibility, maki...

Many countries are in the earliest stage of reforming the care sector. Reformers face challenges as they develop public policy to expand family based care and shrink institutional care. To mention a few: installing the keystone component of care reform - a system to monitor and support children post-institutionalization; enabling children to grow up where they belong, in families; meeting child...

The philosophy and effect of Anarchy is that of a boundless and striking one. Anarchy in society bears the ability to tear at the seams of its structure and bring humanity down to its very basic needs. Anarchy dissolves political power and government, and can leave authority or even hegemony in the hands of the dominant human. It is true to be said, (as I quote Eric Schmidt, former chief execut...

The historically prevailing view in the network literature has been that relationships within networks develop gradually and cumulatively over time, with power playing what might be termed a ‘concrete’ role in such a process, based primarily on identifiable resource dependencies. The concept of (Foucauldian) ‘system power’, beginning to emerge in the management and organisation literature, is n...

With the business environment become more complex and dynamic, organizations have been faced with more pressures of competition. Organizations are often compelled to form strategic alliances with other organizations to survive and prosper. The inter-organizational arrangement can become favorable seedbed for inter-organization conflict. The participants in the strategic alliance often spend a s...

This paper generalizes the model proposed by Misra, by considering switching between political parties. In the model proposed, the movements of members from political party B to political party C and vice versa, are considered but the net movement is considered by assuming that [Formula: see text] (a constant), which implies that the movement of members is either from party B to party C or from...

But it was the 1987 Brundtland Commission that introduced sustainable development into the political mainstream, as “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. Global summits in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and Johannesburg in 2002 led to multiple governmental commitments on sustainable development, and helped to ex...