The major factors of insecurity in the East, away from the security of geopolitical area were because of the formation of political management in the nineteenth century colonial style. The security factor in the vast region of the East that encompasses at least three countries of Iran and Afghanistan and Pakistan is very important and highly effective. It reached its peak colonial Anglo-Russian...

This paper argues that research in political ecology would benefit from more explicit and careful attention to the question of scale and scalar politics. Although political ecologists have extensively considered scale as a methodological question, they have yet to develop an explicit theoretical approach to scale as an object of inquiry. We highlight one principal drawback to this underdevelope...

Received: 15 July 2008 Revised: 8 January 2010 Accepted: 12 February 2010 Online publication date: 24 June 2010 Abstract The international business (IB) literature has widely recognized political forces as major factors that complicate the strategic decisions of multinational enterprises (MNEs). Analyses by financial intermediaries can help to reduce the risk of information asymmetry caused by ...

(Forthcoming in Political Communication) Political communication has emerged as a central concern to scholars in political science, communications, and allied social sciences. While the prominence of the field can be attributed, in part, to well-documented changes in the American political process, it's new-found stature also stems from the gradual accumulation of a body of evidence showing tha...

POLITICAL science has made valuable contributions to the progressive clarification of the concept of power since World War II. In view of the attention political scientists have traditionally lavished on the concept of power, it seems fitting that they should help clarify it. Thanks to the efforts of such men as Harold Lasswell and Robert Dahl, many political scientists today are keenly aware o...

Tourism and politics are inexorably allied. There exists adequate literature on the nexus between political ideologies public institutions yet, there is hardly any explicit attention paid to field of tourism research. It may perhaps due impression that ‘politics all about power.’ In fact, Gramscian’ s notion ‘power-over’ in context preserving cultural hegemony confines prospects discourse ‘powe...