Why is it that couples who have a son or whose last child is a son earn higher conditional income? To solve this curious case we tell a detective story: evidence of a phenomenon to be explained, a parade of suspects, a process of elimination from the enquiry, and then the denouement. Given the draconian family planning policy and a common perception that there is strong son preference in rural ...

the article by potts et al, “the pill is mightier than the sword,” points out that family planning has an important role to play in building peace by increasing women’s empowerment and their agency, ultimately helping peacebuilding efforts. evidence has demonstrated that family planning programs are cost effective, produce quick results, help women and couples meet their desired fertility level...

BACKGROUND There is growing interest in "Health in All Policies" approaches, aiming at promoting health through policies which are under the control of nonhealth sectors. While economic appraisal is an established practice in transport planning, health effects are rarely taken into account. An international project was carried out to develop guidance and tools for practitioners for quantifying ...

Iran's significant success in implementing Family Planning (FP) during the past 25 years, has made it a role model in the world. The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) in Iran has dropped from 6.5 in 1960 to 1.6 in 2012, which is well below the targeted value of 2.2 for the country. Iran's success story, however, did not merely root in the implementation of FP programs. In other words, families' strong...

With the support of the international women's movement, the ideology and methods of traditional population policy were effectively attacked at the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD). The author discusses some of the complaints about population policy and family planning programs, then considers the substantive, ethical, and feasibility issues of population and r...

This paper investigates the effect of the reduction in the young cohort size caused by Chinese family planning policies on the educational upgrading among older cohorts born before the policies. I suggest that family planning polices reduce the size of the young cohorts and increase their educational levels. Through imperfect substitutability of workers with same education but different ages, t...

Forest and colleagues have persuasively made the case that policy capacity is a fundamental prerequisite to health reform. They offer a comprehensive life-cycle definition of policy capacity and stress that it involves much more than problem identification and option development. I would like to offer a Canadian perspective. If we define health reform as re-orienting the health system from acut...

Its time was slow in coming, but the idea of deregulation of the health services industry must now be taken seriously. Although the option of letting market forces allocate resources to and within the health care industry has had academic support in the health policy debate for at least ten years,1 until very recently in policy circles there was a near consensus that the fundamental choice to r...

nowadays, given different definitions and conceptions on development, territorial planning lends to for various economic, social and geographical aspects, however its defensive and security perspectives have been taken into account to less extent. the present research is aimed to specify passive defense legal requirements in territorial planning through outlining the most important rules on pas...