Prolamellar Bodies, Thylakoids, Chlorophylls Etioplast membranes were fractionated into enriched prothylakoid (PT) and prolamellar body fraction (PLB) by known procedures [2]. The photoconversion of Protochlide to Chlide was 77% in the PT fraction but only 65% in the PLB fraction with optimum NADPH concentrations. The subsequent esterification reaction proceeds in both fractions indicating that...

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most common malignancy in oral and maxillofacial tumors with highly metastatic characteristics. Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone; PLB), a natural naphthoquinone derived from the roots of Plumbaginaceae plants, exhibits various bioactivities, including anticancer effects. However, the potential molecular targets and underlying mechani...

Phalaenopsis orchids have been regenerated by inducing protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) from etiolated leaf sections. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of secondary PLB development and subsequent proliferation have not been explored. Bisectionally cutting primary PLBs resulted in more secondary PLBs at 5 weeks, suggesting an embryogenic stem cell property imposed by wounding of pr...

Membrane proteins and water-soluble proteins share a similar core. This similarity suggests that it should be possible to water-solubilize membrane proteins by mutating only their lipid-exposed residues. We have developed computational tools to design water-soluble variants of helical membrane proteins, using the pentameric phospholamban (PLB) as our test case. To water-solublize PLB, the membr...

Background—The delayed cardiac relaxation in failing hearts has been attributed to a reduced activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase (SERCA2). Phospholamban (PLB) inhibits SERCA2 activity and is therefore a potential target to improve the cardiac performance in heart failure. Methods and Results—Mutants of PLB (Adv/mPLB) or antisense RNA of PLB (Adv/asPLB) was expressed in cardiac myocytes...

PURPOSE This study assessed whether liquid carbohydrate-protein (C+P) supplements, ingested early during recovery, enhance muscle glycogen resynthesis versus isoenergetic liquid carbohydrate (CHO) supplements, given early or an isoenergetic solid meal given later during recovery (PLB). METHODS Two hours after breakfast (7.0 kcal.kg; 0.3 g.kg P, 1.2 g.kg C, 0.1 g.kg F), six male cyclists perfo...

SERCA pump activity is modulated by Phospholamban (PLB) and Sarcolipin (SLN) in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Recent data suggest that SLN could play a role in muscle thermogenesis by promoting uncoupling of the SERCA pump (Lee, A.G. (2002) Current opinion in structural biology 12(4):547-554 and Bal et al (2012) Nature Medicine 18(10):1575-1579) but the mechanistic details are unknown. To better...

The force-frequency relationship (FFR) describes the frequency-dependent potentiation of cardiac contractility. The interaction of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-adenosinetriphosphatase (SERCA2) with its inhibitory protein phospholamban (PLB) might be involved in the control of the FFR. The FFR was analyzed in two systems in which the PLB-to-SERCA2 ratio was modulated. Adult rabbit cardiac myo...

Poultry litter biochar (PLB) is a value-adding soil amendment and an economically sustainable approach that used to enhance food safety reduce environmental harm. has promising potential but been under-examined in regards carbon (C) sequestration relation its type application rate. The objective of this study was investigate the effectiveness PLB enhancing C acid soils through short-term incuba...

The effects of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection on cellular differentiation and NF-kappa B DNA binding activity have been investigated in a new model of myeloid differentiation. PLB-985 cells represent a bipotential myelomonoblastic cell population capable of either granulocytic or monocytic differentiation after induction with appropriate inducers. By virtue of the presence of ...