Interbody fusion device subsidence has been reported clinically. An enhanced understanding of the mechanical behaviour of the surrounding bone would allow for accurate predictions of vertebral subsidence. The multiaxial inelastic behaviour of trabecular bone is investigated at a microscale and macroscale level. The post-yield behaviour of trabecular bone under hydrostatic and confined compressi...

The clay and non-clay minerals have been identified by XRD analysis. The non-clay minerals include quartz, crystobalite, orthoclase, microcline, plagioclase, calcite, siderite and dolomite, and the clay minerals include kaolinite (52.39%), illite (36.39%) and illite-smectite mixed layer minerals (11.21%). Kaolinite is the most dominant component in the clay mineral assemblages. The clay mineral...

Identifying the underlying mechanisms of energy dissipation during post-yield deformation of bone is critical in understanding bone fragility fractures. However, the orientation-dependence of post-yield properties of bone is still poorly understood. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of loading direction on the evolution of post-yield behavior of bone using a progress...

a framework for development of constitutive models including damage progress, based on semi-micromechanical aspects of plasticity is proposed for concrete. the model uses sub-loading surface with multilaminate framework to provide kinematics and isotropic hardening/softening in the ascending/descending branches of loading and can be able to keep stress/stain paths histories for each plane separ...

Endoscopic-assisted techniques in plastic and craniofacial surgeries are limited. We present a patient with infraorbital nerve entrapment following traumatic facial injury that failed conservative management. Compression of the nerve was treated with an endoscopic-assisted nerve release of the surrounding soft tissue with a circumferential foraminal osteotomy.

Tensile and compression tests were carried out on a ductile cast iron for temperatures up to 1073 K. The damage caused inside and around graphite nodules was evaluated as a function of the local equivalent plastic strain by using microstructural quantifications. The mechanical properties are strongly dependent on a temperature above 773 K. Concerning tensile behavior, an evolutional law issued ...

The microstructure of an oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic PM2000 steel with a strong initial 〈100〉 texture has been investigated after compression by dynamic plastic deformation (DPD) at room temperature to a strain of 2.1. Measurements using electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy indicate that DPD along the 〈100〉 direction results in a lamellar-type microst...

In this paper we prove the global solvability of a class of fourth-order nonlinear boundary value problems that govern the deformation of a Hollomon’s power-law plastic beam subject to an axial compression and nonlinear lateral constrains. For certain ranges of the acting axial compression force, the solvability of the equations follows from the monotonicity of the fourth order nonlinear differ...

Autoerotic fatalities refer to a death resulting from the participation in a sex-related activity designed to heighten sexual arousal. The overwhelming majority of these deaths are due to asphyxia, most often by hanging or ligature compression of the neck. Here we report a case of "atypical" autoerotic fatality in which death was not induced by ligature compression. Unusual death of a 24-year-o...

Nano-plasticity of thin single-wall carbon nanotubes under uniaxial compression is investigated through generalized tight-binding molecular dynamics (GTBMD) and ab-initio electronic structure methods. A novel mechanism of nano-plasticity of carbon nanotubes under uniaxial compression is observed in which bonding geometry collapses from a graphitic (sp 2) to a localized diamond like (sp 3) recon...