The present study involves the flora of the Estil wetland and its surroundings in Astara, northwest Iran. During 2006-07, we examined the plant specimens collected in this area and determined that there are 247 vascular plant taxa (229 species, 11 subspecies, and seven varieties) in 170 genera and 60 families. The largest families are Poaceae (27 taxa), Asteraceae (26), and Brassicaceae (21). G...

Background & Aim: Tetranychus urticae Koch is one of the most important pests of crops, ornamental and greenhouse plants in the world and, can damage to 900 plant species. Resistances to pesticides and acaricides have guided researches to introduce new methods to control T. urticae. Botanical pesticides are an important group of natural productions that are usually safer than ...

Observable significant revisit of ancient approach to prophylaxis and anaphylaxis (herbaltherapy), though with modern dimensions of study envelopes our world of research today. Reports on the medicinal use of parts of Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae), including leaves and stem barks have been reported in, and beyond Africa. Air dried leaves of P. guajava were powdered and extracted with 95%v/v metha...

backround and aim: in the present time, analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs such as nonseroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid compounds are used for the releif of pain, but due to their side effects and economical issues, the significance of research on finding analgesic drugs with less side effects and their ability to substitute these synthetic drugs and substituting newer analgesic co...

Gonabad located at Khorasan Razavi and coordinates 580 30’ N 34o 35’ E. The highest point of the zone belongs to Peak of Siah Mountain (height of 2,863 meters above sea level) and the lowest place has height of 810 meters above sea level, which is located in North West in salt desert. The mean temperature of the warmest and coldest of year is 29.3 and 3.9 respectively. Mor...

Two sources of inoculum of reniform nematodes, Rotylenchulus reniformis, were identified for infestation of ornamental foliage plants in commercial greenhouses. These were water from a local canal system and rooted cuttings purchased from other sources. Eight ornamental plant species were identified as good hosts for the reniform nematode, with each species supporting a reniform population dens...

BACKGROUND Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is a destructive soil-borne plant pathogen that infects over 500 plant species and causes significant yield losses in many economically important plant species. Synthetic fungicides used to combat the menace also pollute the environment and cause health hazards. In order to search environmental friendly alternatives from natural resources, methanolic extracts...

Habitat fragmentation can have severe effects on plant pollinator interactions, for example changing the foraging behaviour of pollinators. To date, the impact of plant population size on pollen collection by pollinators has not yet been investigated. From 2008 to 2010, we monitored nine bumble bee species (Bombus campestris, Bombus hortorum s.l., Bombus hypnorum, Bombus lapidarius, Bombus pasc...

objective: boerhaavia elegans l. (nyctaginaceae) is a medicinal plant used for the treatment of kidney disorders, urinary tract disorders and blood purification in baluch tribe. the aim of present study is to evaluate the antioxidant propertyof b. elegans species for the first time. materials and methods: different parts (leaf, stem and fruit) of the plant were extracted by using various solven...

Constituents from Polyalthia cerasoides, stem bark methanol extract, were previously documented. This study reports the first isolation of bioactive N-(4-hydroxy-β-phenethyl)-4-hydroxycinnamide (1) from ethyl acetate extract of the plant species including stigmasterol and a mixture of triterpenes from hexane and dichloromethane extracts. Trace essential elements were found in the hexane extract...