BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of paramount importance for evaluating the hypothalamo-pituitary axis in children. METHODS We summarize the main points of the MRI technique, and describe the normal appearance of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis as a function of age and pubertal status. The most frequent causes of non-tumoral hypopituitarism include anterior pituitary deficiency (...

The results of her basal pituitary function tests taken at that time are tabulated below ( table 1 ). These results suggest adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin deficiencies. A repeat MRI scan of her pituitary demonstrated a normal pituitary gland with no optic chiasmal compression, nor evidence of pituitary haemorrhage. In view of the spontaneous ...

Pituitary adenoma is a benign neoplasm of pituitary gland. adenoma, particularly macroadenoma,may produce mass effect symptoms by compressing surrounding tissues. Due to function as aneuroendocrine organ, may also cause multiple endocrine disturbances. The authors reportthe case 39-year-old male patient presenting with chronic headache and history seizure. MRI imagingrevealed macroadenoma optic...

OBJECTIVE During puberty, the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is activated, leading to increases in luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and sex steroids (testosterone and estradiol) levels. We aimed to study the association between hypothalamic and pituitary volumes and development of pubertal hormones in healthy pubertal children. METHOD Hormone levels of L...

BACKGROUND Thyrotropin-producing pituitary tumor is relatively rare. In particular, concurrent cases associated with Graves' disease are extremely rare and only nine cases have been reported so far. We describe a case of a thyrotropin-producing pituitary adenoma concomitant with Graves' disease, which was successfully treated. CASE PRESENTATION A 40-year-old Japanese woman presented with mild...

background: luteinizing hormone (lh) was secreted by the stimulating cells of the testes and ovaries in the anterior pituitary gland. the application of this hormone is in the treatment of men and women with infertility and amenorrhea respectively. m aterials and methods: in the present study the alpha and beta subunits of human lh gene were cloned into the pegfp-n1 expression vector and produc...

Pituitary tumours are classified by the characteristic clinical syndromes that accompany tumour hormone production. All of the constituent hormone-secreting cell types of the anterior pituitary are capable of undergoing neoplastic change, although it is evident from histochemical analysis that adenomas derived from pure, functional lactotrophs, corticotrophs, somatotrophs, gonadotrophs and thyr...

background: cushing's disease is the most prevalent cause of endogenous adrenocorticotrophic hormone hypersecretion. the aim of this study was to document the current clinical practice pattern in the management of cushing's disease by iranian endocrinologists to determine their opinions and compare them with the current clinical practice guidelines.    methods: an eight-item questionnaire deali...

Title: Effectiveness of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery using a neuronavigation: Clinical results of 178 pituitary adenomas Background: The present study assesses endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery using neuronavigation for pituitary adenoma. Methods and findings: Data were analyzed from 178 consecutive patients with pituitary adenomas who underwent endoscopic endonasal t...

OBJECTIVES: • Identify appropriate hypothalamic factors that control the secretion of each of the anterior pituitary hormones, and describe their route of transport from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. • Contrast the anterior and posterior pituitary lobes with respect to cell types, vascular supply, development, and innervation (hypothalamic). • Diagram the short-loop and long-loop ...