background: the latest studies reported that local endometrial injury is a useful method to improve the success of ivf-icsi outcome. objective: to assess whether local endometrial injury occurred by pipelle in the spontaneous cycle could improve implantation rate, cleavage rate, and pregnancy outcome in the subsequent ivf-icsi cycle in patients who had recurrent ivf failure. materials and metho...

The aim of the present study was to determine the expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and LIF receptor (LIF‑R) in the endometrium of fertile and infertile women during the implantation window. A prospective study was conducted between March 2013 and March 2015 at Iakentro, Infertility Treatment Center (Thessaloniki, Greece) and the 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristot...

INTRODUCTION Claudin-4 (CLDN4) is a transmembrane protein, responsible for cellular contact and organization. A different expression of claudin 4 in the endometrium, depending on the menstrual cycle and with peak at the aim of the 'implantation window', has been observed. CLDN4 is believed to play an important role in embryo implantation. THE AIM The aim of the study was to compare the mRNA C...

OBJECTIVE HOXA10 is an essential regulator of endometrial receptivity. To determine the effect of GnRH antagonists on endometrial receptivity, we assessed endometrial HOXA10 expression in GnRH antagonist, GnRH agonist, and natural cycles. DESIGN Prospective case-control study. SETTING University academic medical center. PATIENT(S) Nineteen subjects were included: 12 subjects underwent con...

Objective: to assess the role of endometrial scratching prior to ovulation induction to improve live birth rate in recurrent first trimester pregnancy loss. Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 126 patients with recurrent first trimester spontaneous miscarriage with no obvious cause who were assigned into two groups; the study group (n=62) who underwent endometrial scratching once...

Two 54-year-old women developed abdominal cramps and vaginal hemorrhage as a result of endometrial hyperplasia during treatment with a hop-containing phytotherapeutic product (MenoCool®) for post-menopausal complaints. The women used the hop-containing phytotherapeutic product (418 mg of hop per tablet) twice daily (1 and 0.5 tablets by both patient A and B). Patient A developed abdominal cramp...