INTRODUCTION The fuel tax system used for financing the U.S. highway transportation infrastructure is becoming less effective and less equitable over time. While many people prefer the relatively less fuel-efficient sport utility vehicles, the general trend over time is toward more fuel efficiency. While the popularity of light trucks and SUVs has slowed the increase in average fuel economy for...

The purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology to evaluate the feasibility of using landfill gas (LFG) as a liquefied natural gas (LNG) fuel source for heavy-duty refuse trucks operating on landfills. Using LFG as a vehicle fuel can make the landfills more self-sustaining, reduce their dependence on fossil fuels, and reduce emissions and greenhouse gases. Acrion Technologies Inc. in asso...

A continuous process for the transesterification of triglycerides to methyl esters was investigated in a pilot plant. The process was equipped with a motionlerr and a high-shear mixer. The experimental studies explored variations in the mixing intensity, stcichionetry, and catalyst concentration on the overall conversion. The combined as well as individual effect of mixers was examined. The dev...

A System-Wide Adaptive Ramp Metering (SWARM) system is being implemented in the Portland metropolitan area, replacing the previous pre-timed ramp-metering system. SWARM has been deployed on six major corridors and operates during the morning and afternoon peak hours. This study entails a ―before‖ and ―after‖ evaluation of the benefit of the new SWARM system as compared to the pre-timed system u...

Multicentre randomised trials are complex projects with many operational uncertainties. The embedding of a formal check upon study progress and viability at a pre-specified time point (sometimes referred to as an 'internal pilot') is becoming increasingly common within multicentre pragmatic randomised trials. However, it is worth considering this practice. We argue that most, if not all, multic...

The Scottish Vowel Length Rule (SVLR) – formerly ‘Aitken’s Law’ [1, 5, 6] – is a contextconditioned vowel length alternation that in Scottish and Northern Irish varieties of English coexists with the so-called Voicing Effect (VE, or ‘pre-fortis clipping’) [3]. It is known that SVLRlike alternations occur in varieties of English spoken in northern England close to the Scottish border [1, 4, 8], ...

FACULTY AND STUDENT PERCEPTIONS ON THE INTRODUCTION OF OBJECTIVE STRUCTURED CLINICAL EXAMINATION IN AN UNDERGRADUATE PHYSIOTHERAPY COURSE: A PILOT STUDY Mullai Dhinakaran *1, Jugesh Chattwal 2, Dheeraj K.V 3. *1 Associate Professor, College of Physiotherapy, CMC & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 2 Professor, Head of the Department, Department of Paediatrics, CMC & Hospital, Ludhiana, India. ...

Peak combustion pressures (PCP) are increased in heavy-duty diesel engines to obtain higher thermal efficiency. Fuel injection strategy has been a major measure improve the and emissions of engines. But most existing work multi-injection strategies was not limited by PCP or conducted under lower (∼15 MPa). In this study, an experimental study is further understanding on engine performance relat...

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of various forms of advanced cockpit automation for flight planning on pilot performance and workload under a futuristic concept of operation. A lab experiment was conducted in which airline pilots flew simulated tailored arrivals to an airport using three modes of automation (MOAs), including a control-display unit (CDU) to the aircraft fl...

108 INTRODUCTION Altruistic behaviours have been the object of abundant theoretical and empirical social science research for some thirty years (Chac—n, 1985, Piliavin and Charng, 1990). In this field there are two tendencies that have captured the majority of research attention. The first of these is represented by unexpected situations in which help is offered to strangers, reflecting the alt...