In an ongoing debate between two visions of statistical reasoning competency, ecological rationality proponents claim that pictorial representations help tap into the frequency coding mechanisms of the mind, whereas nested sets proponents argue that pictorial representations simply help one to appreciate general subset relationships. Advancing this knowledge into applied areas is hampered by th...

This systematic review was conducted to provide inspiration on the development of a learning model for vocabulary via use pictorials, as well omissions and gaps in synthesized literature topic, especially with regards such remote learning. The significance this particular study lies affirmation whether pictorial-based is viable solution necessity There are total three research questions, which ...

For sighted people, pictures provide an important mechanism of communication; they are also a valuable learning resource. This paper discusses these issues in context to their use in developing and promoting online pictorial pedagogy through the medium of computers. As the size of an image collection grows, some form of picture repository is needed in order to store, manage, and retrieve images...

We propose an innovative, general purpose, method to the selection and hierarchical representation of key frames of a video sequence for video summarization. It is able to create a hierarchical storyboard that the user may easily browse. The method is composed by three different steps. The first removes meaningless key frames, using supervised classification performed by a neural network on the...

This paper proposes a knowledge model for representing concepts that requires pictorial as well as conceptual representation to fully capture the ontological meaning. The model was built from the proposition of pictorial primitives to be associated to the original conceptual primitives. The formalized pictorial content is then used to provide an organization to the domain, based on the visual c...

Traffic signs function as an aid for drivers on the road. Hence, it is important to ensure that traffic signs are effective. The study investigates whether verbal or pictorial signs were less likely to be violated and would catch the driver's attention first. Twenty older and twenty younger drivers participated tested eleven verbal signs and eleven of their pictorial versions. Based on the stat...

In this paper, we propose a novel full-reference objective quality assessment metric of screen content images by structure information. The input screen content image is first divided into textual and pictorial regions. The visual quality of textual regions is predicted based on perceptual structural similarity, where the gradient information is used as the feature. To estimate the visual quali...

We present in this paper an approach to the analysis of the pictorial content of artistic line-drawings. The pictorial content is the combination of the stylistic content and of the visual features of the represented subject. This paper focuses on the pictorial content hold by line strokes in line-drawings. To this aim, we propose a parameterfree method to detect the hierarchical set of stroke ...

This paper explores major trends in visualization of medieval theories of natural and artificial transformation of substances in relation to their philosophical and theological bases. The function of pictorial forms is analyzed in terms of the prevailing conceptions of science and methods of transmitting knowledge. The documents under examination date from the thirteenth to the fifteenth centur...