BACKGROUND Household crowding is an important problem in some aboriginal communities that is reaching particularly high levels among the circumpolar Inuit. Living in overcrowded conditions may endanger health via stress pathophysiology. This study examines whether higher household crowding is associated with stress-related physiological dysregulations among the Inuit. METHODS Cross-sectional ...

environmental pollution consists of different types of pollutants in air, soil, and water. due to the fact that plants can respond to environmental pollution, they can be used as bio-indicators for environmental monitoring. air pollution in areas with oil and gas refineries nearby is an important problem. this study aims to survey the effects of gas refinery air pollutants on conocarpus erectus...

Welfare of animals involves their subjective feelings. Hence it cannot be directly assessed. It is generally accepted that welfare comprise the morphological, physiological, behavioural and mental status of the animals, and most indicators are related to these scientific disciplines. Welfare is defined as “normal” morphological development and undisturbed physiological, behavioural and mental s...

During the past decades, many different fluorescent indicators have been developed for measuring intracellular ion concentrations. Of particular interest are fluorescent calcium indicators because of the fundamental role of Ca in various cellular processes such as contraction, secretion, and gene activation. For a quantitative understanding of the physiological roles of Ca, fluorescence signals...

This paper presents some of the most commonly utilized indicators to assess food and nutritional status. With respect to the indicators reflecting food access, those addressing poverty as well as food consumption are included. In addition, a variety of serum biochemical measures for the estimation of iron nutritional status and anemia are discussed; it is recommended that some of these be adjus...

This study examined the effects of stocking density on live performance, physiological stress level indicators, and processing yields of male broilers grown to 1.8 kg. A total of 3,120 Ross x Ross 708 male chicks was placed into 32 floor pens (5.57 m2/pen). Stocking density treatments were 25, (75 birds/pen), 30 (90 birds/ pen), 35 (105 birds/pen), and 40 (120 birds/pen) kg of BW/m2. The BW gai...

In response to most stressors, fish will elicit a generalized physiological stress response, which involves the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis (HPI). As in other vertebrates, this generalized stress response comprises physiological responses that are common to a wide range of environmental, physical and biological stressors. Recently, several families of heat shock pro...