We previously reported that stressed male Wistar rats released alarm pheromone from the perianal region, which aggravated stress-induced hyperthermia and increased Fos expression in the mitral/tufted cell layer of the accessory olfactory bulb in recipient rats. In this study, we attempted to obtain this pheromone in water using these responses as bioassay parameters. Water droplets were collect...

Upon homozygosis from a/alpha to a/a or alpha/alpha, Candida albicans must still switch from the 'white' to 'opaque' phenotype to mate. It was, therefore, surprising to discover that pheromone selectively upregulated mating-associated genes in mating-incompetent white cells without causing G1 arrest or shmoo formation. White cells, like opaque cells, possess pheromone receptors, although their ...

To mate, MTL-homozygous strains of the yeast pathogen Candida albicans must switch from the white to opaque phase. Mating-competent opaque cells then release pheromone that induces polarization, a G1 block and conjugation tube formation in opaque cells of opposite mating type. Pheromone also induces mating-incompetent white cells to become adhesive and cohesive, and form thicker biofilms that f...

BACKGROUND In the course of evolution butterflies and moths developed two different reproductive behaviors. Whereas butterflies rely on visual stimuli for mate location, moths use the 'female calling plus male seduction' system, in which females release long-range sex pheromones to attract conspecific males. There are few exceptions from this pattern but in all cases known female moths possess ...

BACKGROUND The ascarosides form a family of small molecules that have been isolated from cultures of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. They are often referred to as "dauer pheromones" because most of them induce formation of long-lived and highly stress resistant dauer larvae. More recent studies have shown that ascarosides serve additional functions as social signals and mating pheromones. ...

Our results suggest that the level of pheromone applied per “puff” by the aerosol “puffer” dispenser can be reduced dramatically without any detectable change in the size or shape of the pheromone plume. Reductions by 50% in the active ingredient per puff did not result in any increased trap capture of sterile codling moths downwind of the puffer unit. A substantial, but smaller and narrower, p...

Previous studies and data presented here suggest that odors from healthy host Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris) and nonhost Norway spruce (Picea abies), as well as major monoterpenes of these trees at natural release rates, significantly reduce the attraction of flying bark beetles, Pityogenes bidentatus, of both sexes to their aggregation pheromone components grandisol and cis-verbenol in the fie...

The factors contributing to the termination of calling (pheromone release) in adult female Supellu longipalpa were examined. Calling ceases after mating and does not resume over the duration of the insect’s life. Calling was suppressed and basal oiicyte growth was stimulated by the transient presence of a sperrnatophore, by the implantation of an artificial spermatophore, and by mating with vas...

Behavioral responses of S. zeamais to odours from pulverized wheat, brown rice, sorghum, buckwheat, peanut and cork were compared in a Y-tube-olfactometerbioassay. Results showed that both sexes responded to host volatiles and males were more sensitive than females. The strongest responses to grains of wheat and brown rice were found, and insects reared on these were dramatically heavier than o...

The site of sex pheromone production in female Supella longipalpa (F.) was localized to the fourth and fifth abdominal tergites. Behavioral assays of males with hexane extracts of various female body parts showed that these tergites were significantly more attractive than any other region of the body. Both behavioral and electroantennogram assays confirmed that the fourth and fifth tergites con...