A set of indicator molecules was selected and applied to elaborate an NMR-based pH determination method, free of glass electrode errors in highly basic media. Accurate measurement of pH values and protonation constants was achieved by a successive build-up of overlapping, increasingly high pH solutions, using a collection of 8 compounds of appropriately incremented basicities. In order to verif...

THE treatment of diabetes mellitus by oral drugs has found general acceptance. Phenformin hydrochloride with a mechanism of action different from that of the sulphonylureas, has been widely used in the Western countries during the last five years and has already acquired a reputation of being an effective drug in the treatment of primary or secondary failures to sulphonylureas and in the smooth...

sociated with albuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients (4). To the best of our knowledge, however, it is not clear whether serum homocysteine is associated with TNF receptor in type 2 diabetic patients. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the relationships between serum homocysteine and TNF receptor in patients with type 2 diabetes. Fifty nonobese Japanese type 2 diabetic p...

OBJECTIVE Hepatic lipotoxicity is characterized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and excessive apoptosis, but the precise sequence of biochemical events leading to oxidative damage and cell death remains unclear. The goal of this study was to delineate the role of mitochondrial metabolism in mediating hepatocyte lipotoxicity. MATERIALS/METHODS We treat...

Studies with (125)I-fibrinogen after the administration of phenformin plus ethyloestrenol in five subjects showed no evidence of enhanced catabolism of fibrinogen despite a fall in plasma fibrinogen concentration and shortened clot lysis time. It seems probable that the fall in plasma fibrinogen concentration after the administration of these drugs is related to diminished hepatic synthesis of ...