OF THESIS CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL REGULATION OF CIRCADIAN GASTROINTESTINAL RHYTHMS Circadian clocks are responsible for daily rhythms in gastrointestinal function which are vital for normal digestive rhythms and health. The present study examines the roles of the circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), and the sympathetic nervous system in regulation of circadian gastrointestinal ...

In vitro appetitive classical conditioning of the feeding response in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 2351-2362, 1997. An in vitro preparation was developed that allowed electrophysiological analysis of appetitive conditioning of feeding in the model molluscan system, Lymnaea. The network generating the feeding motor program (fictive feeding) is well characterized at the ...

Energy density in growing diets may affect carcass quality of cattle; however, few reports have described the impact of energy source. The objectives of this research were to determine effects of source [dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) vs. corn] and amount (limit-fed to gain 0.9 vs. 1.4 kg of BW/d) of energy during the growing phase on feedlot performance and marbling. Angus-cross ...

The orexigenic peptide ghrelin stimulates both food intake and growth hormone release and is synthesized in the stomach and in hypothalamic areas involved in feeding control. The suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus (SCN) control most circadian rhythms, although there is evidence that some oscillators, such as food-entrainable oscillators, can drive activity rhythms even after SCN ablatio...

BACKGROUND The brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) is a serious pest of rice in Asia. Development of novel control strategies can be facilitated by comparison of BPH feeding behaviour on varieties exhibiting natural genetic variation, and then elucidation of the underlying mechanisms of resistance. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS BPH feeding behaviour was compared on 12 rice vari...

BACKGROUND Although obesity rates are high among Latino children, relatively few studies of parental feeding practices have examined Latino families as a separate group. Culturally-based approaches to measurement development can begin to identify parental feeding practices in specific cultural groups. This study used qualitative and quantitative methods to develop and test the Parental Feeding ...

Studies delineating the dietary Val needs of modern commercial broilers are sparse. Three studies were conducted to determine the dietary Val nutrient needs of Ross x Ross 308 male broilers. Three time periods were evaluated independently, 0 to 14 d (starter), 14 to 28 d (grower), and 28 to 42 d (finisher) of age. Corn- and peanut meal-based diets for each feeding phase served to titrate the Va...

The upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract undergoes a temporally coordinated cyclic motor pattern known as the migrating motor complex (MMC) in both dogs and humans during the fasted state. Feeding results in replacement of the MMC by a pattern of noncyclic, intermittent contractile activity termed as postprandial contractions. Although the MMC is known to be stimulated by motilin, recent studies h...

Infant feeding is recognized as having a profound influence on the life and health of the infant. In the West, where, before the war, the decline of breast feeding was causing anxiety, many studies were made of the reasons for this failure at one vital phase of the reproductive cycle. In India, there is little statistical indication of the position regarding the establishment and maintenance of...

Though some research exists concerning general behavior and activity patterns of Walruses in zoos or aquariums, less is known about how these patterns change in response to various environmental and temporal contexts. This study presents two studies assessing behavioral changes in relation to feeding period, object enrichment (OE), and season in a social group of four Pacific Walruses at the Ne...