The effect of different organic loading rate (OLR) to an anaerobic reactor performance and sulphate reduction was investigated. Sulphate concentration in the feed varied from 100 to 3000 mg.L and up to 97% removal efficiency was observed at OLR 0.43 1.23 kg COD.m.d. However, the removal efficiency showed some decline (to 53 – 67% removal) at OLR 1.53 – 3.73 kg COD.m.d, probably due to high sulp...

A synthetic pharmaceutical manufacturing facility was experiencing recurring upsets of nitrification at its wastewater treatment plant. The main treatment train consisted of trickling filters followed by a conventional activated sludge process with ostensibly adequate treatment capacity (average F/M of 0.1, COD/MLSS-based). An evaluation of the plant’s operating conditions and performance indic...

Removal of nine pharmaceutical compounds--acetaminophen (AAF), antipyrine (ANT), caffeine (CAF), carbamazepine (CRB), diclofenac (DCF), hydrochlorothiazide (HCT), ketorolac (KET), metoprolol (MET) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX)-spiked in a primary sedimentation effluent of a municipal wastewater has been studied with sequential aerobic biological and ozone advanced oxidation systems. Combinations o...

The aim of the this study was to investigate the ozone dosage required to remove active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from biologically treated wastewater of varying quality, originated from different raw wastewater and wastewater treatment processes. Secondary effluents from six Swedish wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) were spiked with 42 APIs (nominal concentration μg/L) and treated wit...

Wastewater from a pharmaceutical formulation facility (TevaKS, Israel) was treated with a biological activated-sludge system followed by ozonation. The goal was to reduce the concentrations of the drugs carbamazepine (CBZ) and venlafaxine (VLX) before discharging the wastewater to the municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Both drugs were detected at extremely high concentrations in TevaK...

Treated effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) are a significant source of anthropogenic contaminants, such as pharmaceuticals, in the aquatic environment. Although our understanding of how wastewater effluent impacts fish reproduction is growing, we know very little about how effluent affects non-reproductive physiology and behaviours associated with fitness (such as aggression and ...