Renal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion and excretion rates were determined in nine conscious dogs. Renal venous (RV) and urine PGE2 concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. In 21 controls tests RV PGE2 ranged from 37 to 215 pg/ml, with a mean concentration of 97 +/- 11 pg/ml. Basal left kidney PGE2 secretion was 317 +/- 42 pg.g-1.mm-1. Urine PGE2 concentration averaged 8,320 +/- 1,510...

Prostanoids, bioactive lipids derived from arachidonic acid (AA), are important for vascular homeostasis. Among them, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) enhances aggregation of platelets submaximally stimulated in vitro. This results from activation of EP3, one of the four PGE2 receptors, which decreases the threshold at which agonists activate platelets to aggregate. Although PGE2 altered venous thrombos...

Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by formation of cysts from tubular epithelial cells. Previous studies indicate that secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) into cyst fluid and production of cAMP underlie cyst expansion. However, the mechanism by which PGE2 directly stimulates cAMP formation and modulates cystogenesis is still unclear, because the particular E-...

Recently, certain studies have demonstrated in vitro that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) promotes human cluster of differentiation (CD)34+ cell homing. However, the sub‑type receptors activated by PGE2 are unknown, as the PGE2 receptor EP1-4 subtypes (EP1-4) are expressed on the membrane of human CD34+ cells. Based on the above, the present study aimed to screen the receptor subtype activity by PGE2 t...

Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a potent myeloid mitogen, and the immunosuppressive prostanoid prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are elevated following thermal injury and sepsis. We have previously demonstrated that bone marrow myeloid commitment shifts toward monocytopoiesis and away from granulocytopoiesis during thermal injury and sepsis and that PGE2 plays a central role in this alteration. Here we investigate...

Short-circuit current (I(sc)) and transepithelial conductance (Gt) were measured in guinea pig distal colonic mucosa isolated from submucosa and underlying muscle layers. Indomethacin (2 microM) and NS-398 (2 microM) were added to suppress endogenous production of prostanoids. Serosal addition of PGE2 (10 nM) stimulated negative I(sc) consistent with K secretion, and concentrations >30 nM stimu...

PGE2 has been implicated in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) associated hypervascularization. PGE2-metabolism involves 15-hydroxyprostaglandin-dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) the expression of which in AAA is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the expression and cell distribution of 15-PGDH in AAA. Here, we show that 15-PGDH mRNA levels were significantly higher in aorta samples from patients...

Qu, Wei, Lee M. Graves, and Ronald G. Thurman. PGE2 stimulates O2 uptake in hepatic parenchymal cells: involvement of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 40): G1048–G1054, 1999.—The aim of this study was to determine which PGE2 receptors and signal transduction pathways are responsible for the stimulation of oxygen uptake in liver. Hepatic parenc...

Fever is thought to be initiated by pyrogenic cytokines inducing the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the preoptic area (POA); PGE2 may act as a paracrine mediator that stimulates the neural pathways that raise body temperature. This essential role for prostaglandins in fever first was proposed 25 years ago, but the specific preoptic cell groups at which PGE2 acts and the pathways throu...

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) can stimulate tumor progression by both direct and indirect mechanisms. However, its influence on cell proliferation is still unclear. The present study characterized expression of subtypes of PGE2 receptors in oral squamous cell carcinomas, while also investigating the effects of EP3 and EP4 selective antagonists on oral carcinoma cell lines. EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4 recep...