The sol gel process is one of the processes used in manufacture thin films on membranes because it can control pore size resulting silica matrix. In addition, another way to build membrane be done by adding catalysts and precursors used. this study, using a combination tetraethyl ortho silicate (TEOS) triethoxy vinyl silane (TEVS) citric acid as catalyst produce matrix with mesoporous so that s...

Pervaporation (PV) has been considered as one of the most active and promising areas in membrane technologies in separating close boiling or azeotropic liquid mixtures, heat sensitive biomaterials, water or organics from its mixtures that are indispensable constituents for various important chemical and bio-separations. In the PV process, the membrane plays the most pivotal role and is of param...

Biodiesel production through chemical interesterification of triglycerides requires an excess methyl acetate that must be recovered once the reaction is finished and catalyst neutralized. The present study concerns with purification by pervaporation. PERVAP 2201 was chosen as pervaporation membrane due to its high hydrophilic character makes it suitable for elimination water in acetate. Runs we...

In this paper, a new integrated distillation-membrane separation process solution strategy based on genetic programming (GP) was established for azeotrope separation. Then, price evaluation method the theory of unit membrane area proposed, so that those membranes which are still in experimental stage and have no actual industrial cost reference can also be used research. For different character...

Hybrid separation systems have recently been hailed as one of the inost promising alternatives to conventional capital and energy intensive separation processes. Hybrid separation systems are able to effectively separate inixtures commonly encountered in the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries that are difficult or impossible to separate by conventional distillation processes due to aze...

The separation of azeotropic mixtures is often energy intensive, thus process intensification (PI) becomes an attractive route to enhance efficiency. Two the most commonly used intensifications are dividing wall columns and hybrid distillation-membrane processes. In this work, three typical distillation structures, followed by pervaporation (D-P), (P-D), then (D-P-D), considered compared with a...

This report summarizes the findings of an evaluation of the cross-flow pervaporation technology developed by ZENON Environmental, Inc. (ZENON). This evaluation was conducted under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Program. The ZENON pervaporation technology was demonstrated over a 5-day period in February 1995 at Naval Air Station N...

Flavor and odor components of foods are often lost during processing, which leads to a final product with poorer quality when compared to fresh made ingredients. It is not a different scenario in orange juice and other beverage industries. Heating processes cause severe physical and chemical losses of the natural characteristic flavour of orange juice. Methods, that use lower heat, present ther...