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Some scales of spaces ultra-differentiable functions are introduced, having good stability properties with respect to infinitely many derivatives and compositions. They well-suited for solving non-linear functional equations by means hard implicit function theorems. comprise Gevrey thus, as a limiting case, analytic functions. Using majorizing series, we manage characterize them in terms real s...

The bacterial cocaine esterase, cocE, hydrolyzes cocaine faster than any other reported cocaine esterase. Hydrolysis of the cocaine benzoyl ester follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics with k(cat) = 7.8 s(-1) and K(M) = 640 nM. A similar rate is observed for hydrolysis of cocaethylene, a more potent cocaine metabolite that has been observed in patients who concurrently abuse cocaine and alcohol. The...

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon in which particular atomic nuclei respond to the application of certain magnetic fields by absorbing or emitting electromagnetic radiation, a phenomenon which was first demonstrated by Bloch, Hansen and Packard in 1946. Its medical application was pioneered by Odeblad, a physicist from Sweden, during the l950s and 1960s (Odeblad and Lindstr#{246}...

Today, Newton’s Method is commonly used in machine learning and optimization to locate local minima of cost functions. Because it is such a general tool, the cost functions that is implemented on can range widely in terms of both their dimensionality and their complexity. However, little is understood about how Newton’s Method performs on cost functions with different dimensionalities and compl...

Resistance of mouse M5076 (M5) ovarian reticular cell sarcoma to cyclophosphamide (CTX) was obtained in vivo by repeated drug treatment followed by transplantation of the regrowing tumor. After 16 passages, we obtained an M5 subline resistant to CTX (M5-CTX-16R). Median survival times were approximately 29 and 39 days for M5 and M5-CTX-16R, respectively. Survival of M5-bearing mice given a sing...

The Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of organic azides and alkynes has gained considerable attention in recent years due to the introduction in 2001 of Cu(1) catalysis by Tornøe and Meldal, leading to a major improvement in both rate and regioselectivity of the reaction, as realized independently by the Meldal and the Sharpless laboratories. The great success of the Cu(1) catalyzed re...

We present a 1D theory, neglecting radial dependency, for the damping of cylindrically symmetric plasma modes due to a cylindrically symmetric squeeze potential Vsq(z), applied to the axial midpoint of a non-neutral plasma column. Inside the plasma, particles experience a much smaller, Debye shielded squeeze potential φ0(z) of magnitude φs. Squeeze divides the plasma into passing and trapped pa...

SPARC (Secreted Protein, Acidic and Rich in Cysteine) is a matricellular glycoprotein that modulates cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and extracellular matrix (ECM) production. Although SPARC is generally abundant in embryonic tissues and is diminished in adults, we have found that the expression of SPARC in murine lens persists throughout embryogenesis and adulthood. Our previous studi...