after the establishment of the opec, oil-rich countries of the third world, which were in struggle with big petroleum companies since the 1950s, tried to use oil as a means for achieving their economic and political goals. as an example, the opec raised the price of petroleum in 1973 and 1974 to unprecedent levels. concurrent with these conditions, richard nixon, then the president of the unite...

while the relations of iran and russia with the central asian states have been analyzed separately in previous studies, the regional foreign policies of these two countries have not been compared in detail. as a result, it would be difficult to comprehend the extent of the similarities and differences inherent in the foreign policy behaviors of these two key players in the central asian region....

persian gulf and its coastal areas are the world's largest source of crude oil and related industries govern the region. one of the contaminants in this area is heavy metals associated with oil spill. more importantly, vanadium, nickel and zinc can be named in this regard. in this study, the contamination of northern coasts of persian gulf is selected to investigate for trace metals of v, ni, c...

Iran is a Middle Eastern country which located in the north of Persian Gulf. Due to vastness its territory Gulf, has most beaches this sea and number valuable strategic islands entrance Gulf Strait Hormuz. In regards Iranian are more than 30 due their geopolitical, geostraegic geoeconomic locations play important role domestic, regional global arenas. addition, some particularly, three Greater ...

Article History: Received: 22 Dec. 2014 Accepted: 23 Aug. 2015 This paper presents a detailed structural reliability procedure in order to achieve an acceptable safety margin for template type offshore platforms located in the Persian Gulf. Probability of failure in this study is calculated by considering the cumulative effects of all levels of wave loading during the lifetime of the structure ...

background and purpose: more than a third of the world’s population lack access to essential medicines, despite the presence of several international agreements that proclaim health as a human right. corruption, in its many forms, such as bribery and embezzlement, causes several detrimental effects on the health sector and access to medicines including economic, health, and government image and...

BACKGROUND Passeromyia is a muscid genus previously known from the Old World Afrotropical and Oriental regions and eastwards from Australia and the West Pacific. The genus is known from nest-dwelling larvae which may be parasites of the nestlings. This study was aimed to identify of the Passeromyia species in the Iranian Persian Gulf Islands. METHODS The flies were collected during April 2010...

The distribution of some rare earth elements (La, Ce, Sc, and Y) in the sediment samples, collected form 56 stations in the offshore of the Persian Gulf during the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman Oceanographic Cruise (PGGOOS) in 2012, was studied. The elements were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The result revealed that the concentration of Ce (82 µg g-1) was...