Tuberculosis peritonitis is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The results of gallium-67 scintigraphy of three patients with tuberculosis peritonitis were reviewed to assess its usefulness in the diagnosis of this condition. Tuberculosis peritonitis was associated with diffuse or focal abdominal localization and decreased hepatic accumulation of gallium-67. These gallium-67 sc...

BACKGROUND Bacterial infections account for most peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis episodes. However, anaerobic PD peritonitis is extremely rare and intuitively associated with intra-abdominal lesions. In this study, we examined the clinical characteristics of PD patients who developed anaerobic peritonitis. METHODS We retrospectively identified all anaerobic PD peritonitis epis...

INTRODUCTION The risk factors associated with poor outcome in generalized peritonitis are still debated. Our aim was to analyze clinical and bacteriological factors associated with the occurrence of shock and mortality in patients with secondary generalized peritonitis. METHODS This was a prospective observational study involving 180 consecutive patients with secondary generalized peritonitis...

BACKGROUND Bacterial peritonitis is associated with systemic complications such as pneumonia. OBJECTIVE To determine in an experimental model of peritonitis whether the pH of peritoneal fluid infection influences the influx of neutrophils into the lung, and whether treatment outcome would be similar in peritonitis with liquid at any pH. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 48 mice with peritoni...

OBJECTIVE We studied whether improper bag exchange predicts the first peritonitis episode in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Our single-center prospective observational study of 130 incident urban CAPD patients who started peritoneal dialysis (PD) between March 2005 and August 2008 aimed to determine the relationship between bag exchange procedu...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The effect of biocompatible peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions on PD-related peritonitis is unclear. This study sought to evaluate the relationship between use of biocompatible solutions and the probability of occurrence or clinical outcomes of peritonitis. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS The study included all incident Australian patients receiving PD ...

Objective: To identify potential markers for detecting and monitoring inflammation in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis, several inflammation markers, including procalcitonin (PCT), endotoxin and C-reactive protein (CRP), were evaluated in patients with PD-related peritonitis. Methods and Results: In this study, 50 cases of patients with PD-related peritonitis were recr...

Eosinophilic peritonitis is an uncommon clinical entity with diagnostic considerations separate from those of tuberculous peritonitis. We report a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) with eosinophilic peritonitis resulting from tuberculous peritonitis. Acid-fast stain and mycobacterial culture of peritoneal dialysis effluent were both negative result. In the peritoneal d...

INTRODUCTION Peritonitis remains a major complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). OBJECTIVE Evaluate peritonitis incidence, etiology and outcome in cronic PD patients. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was carried out on 330 patients (mean age of 53 ± 19 years) who had been treated by PD in a dialysis center in Aracaju/SE, Brazil between January 1st, 2003 and December 31th, 2007. Data o...

BACKGROUND Peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PD-peritonitis) due to Mycobacterium spp is uncommon. Non-tuberculous Mycobacterium (NTB) PD-peritonitis can present in a similar fashion to more common causes of bacterial PD-peritonitis. We describe the first reported case of multiresistant Mycobacterium fortuitum PD-peritonitis in an Australian patient. CASE PRESENTATION A 38 year-old ...