Colonic motility studies using time-lapse cinefluorography and intraluminal pressure recording before and after the introduction per rectum of a mixture of barium sulphate and oxyphenisatin solution show the different forms of movement of the colonic contents. Oxyphenisatin was found to be a selective actuator of a form of progressive mass propulsion indistinguishable from spontaneous mass peri...

This study aimed to determine the interactions between closely paired swallow-induced primary peristalsis (PP) and air injection-induced secondary peristalsis (SP). Ten subjects (7 men, 18-42 yr) were studied using a catheter, including two sleeves (upper and lower esophageal sphincters), a midesophageal infusion port, and seven esophageal and two pharyngeal recording sites. Ten iterations of P...

We investigated the mechanisms of esophageal distension-induced reflexes in decerebrate cats. Slow air esophageal distension activated esophago-upper esophageal sphincter (UES) contractile reflex (EUCR) and secondary peristalsis (2P). Rapid air distension activated esophago-UES relaxation reflex (EURR), esophago-glottal closure reflex (EGCR), esophago-hyoid distraction reflex (EHDR), and esopha...

Methods Guinea pig ́s small bowel segments of 8 cm length were set up in organ baths containing oxygenated Tyrode ́s solution. Peristalsis was elicited by luminal perfusion (0.5 ml/min) against an aboral resistance of 400 Pascal (Pa). Perfusion of the segments resulted in an increase of the intraluminal pressure up to a pressure threshold (PT; mean ±SEM), where peristaltic contractions were trigg...

Segments of ileum (5-30 cm from the caecum) were obtained from male guinea-pigs (Dunkin Hartley, 300-500g), cannulated at the oral and aboral ends and secured horizontally in 10 ml baths containing Krebs’ solution maintained at 37oC and oxygenated with 95%O2 and 5%CO2. Regular peristalsis was obtained by infusing saline solution into the lumen using the method described previously (Costall et a...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of oral contraceptives (OCs) on uterine contractility using cine MRI, and correlate the kinematic findings with the static findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS Healthy female volunteers of reproductive age (23 taking OCs, and 15 not) were evaluated at mid-cycle. MR images were obtained with a 1.5T magnet, with 60 serial images taken every three seconds by half-Fouri...

Spontaneous colonic peristalsis in man occurs infrequently and, therefore, has proved difficult to investigate; radiological studies have been limited because of the dangers of irradiation, and observations of intraluminal pressure change have been mainly confined to the rectum and lower sigmoid colon (Connell, 1961; Ritchie, Ardran, and Truelove, 1962). Progressive waves of contraction which e...

Ureteral peristaltic mechanism facilitates urine transport from the kidney to the bladder. Numerical analysis of the peristaltic flow in the ureter aims to further our understanding of the reflux phenomenon and other ureteral abnormalities. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) plays an important role in accuracy of this approach and the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation is a strong m...

Ureteral peristaltic mechanism facilitates urine transport from the kidney to the bladder. Numerical analysis of the peristaltic flow in the ureter aims to further our understanding of the reflux phenomenon and other ureteral abnormalities. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) plays an important role in accuracy of this approach and the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation is a strong m...