OBJECTIVE To test whether pay for performance (P4P) is an effective method to improve adolescent substance use disorder treatment implementation and efficacy. DESIGN Cluster randomized trial. SETTING Community-based treatment organizations. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-nine community-based treatment organizations, 105 therapists, and 986 adolescent patients (953 with complete data). INTERVENTION...

Antibiotic resistance is a major threat to public health worldwide. As the healthcare sector's use of antibiotics is an important contributor to the development of resistance, it is crucial that physicians only prescribe antibiotics when needed and that they choose narrow-spectrum antibiotics, which act on fewer bacteria types, when possible. Inappropriate use of antibiotics is nonetheless wide...

The concept of "pay for performance" (P4P) applied to the practice of medicine has become a major foundation in current public and private payer reimbursement strategies for both institutional and individual physician providers. "Pay for performance" programs represent a substantial shift from traditional service-based reimbursement to a system of performance-based provider payment using financ...

Pay-for-performance (P4P) pricing schemes such as pay per click and pay per action have increased in popularity in Internet advertising. Meanwhile, pay-per-impression (PPI) schemes persist, and several publishers have begun to offer a hybrid mix of PPI and P4P schemes. Given the proliferation of pricing schemes, this study examines the optimal choices for publishers. The authors highlight two-s...

OBJECTIVES Narrative review of the impact of pay-for-performance (P4P) and public reporting (PR) on health care outcomes, including spillover effects and impact on disparities. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The impact of P4P and PR is dependent on the underlying payment system (fee-for-service, salary, capitation) into which these schemes are introduced. Both have the potential to improve care, but they...

BACKGROUND Market Access Agreements (MAA) between pharmaceutical industry and health care payers have been proliferating in Europe in the last years. MAA can be simple discounts from the list price or very sophisticated schemes with inarguably high administrative burden. DISCUSSION We distinguished and defined from the health care payer perspective three kinds of MAA: Commercial Agreements (C...

Background: Across the member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), pay-for-performance (P4P) programs have been implemented in the inpatient sector to improve the quality of care provided by hospitals. However, little is known about whether such programs can live up to expectations. Thus far, evaluations and reviews have focused on the ambulatory care ...

P4P has raised the quality of primary care in the UK, but broader performance indicators are needed to accurately reflect the scope of general practice ay for performance, or " P4P " as it is often known, is now centre-stage in primary care in the United Kingdom. P4P promotes change in clinical behaviour by offering financial rewards in return for achieving certain predefined targets. Both side...

OBJECTIVE There is no standard method of publishing the code ranges in research using routine data. We report how code selection affects the reported prevalence and precision of results. DESIGN We compared code ranges used to report the impact of pay-for-performance (P4P), with those specified in the P4P scheme, and those used by our informatics team to identify cases. We estimated the positi...

BACKGROUND Evidence about the best methods with which to accelerate progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals is urgently needed. We assessed the effect of performance-based payment of health-care providers (payment for performance; P4P) on use and quality of child and maternal care services in health-care facilities in Rwanda. METHODS 166 facilities were randomly assigned a...