This work presents an implementation strategy which exploits separation of concerns and reuse in a multi-tier architecture to improve the security (availability, integrity, and confidentiality) level of an existing application. Functional properties are guaranteed via wrapping of the existing software modules. Security mechanisms are handled by the business logic of the middle-tier: availabilit...

This study investigates the ability of a group of eight Greek-speaking adolescents with Down Syndrome (DS) (aged 12.1-18.7) to handle the perfective past tense using an acceptability judgement task. The performance of the DS participants was compared with that of 16 typically-developing children whose chronological age was matched with the mental age of the DS group. For existing verbs, both gr...

ing away from the intermediate levels in (28), focus on the edges of this scheme: from the diachronic perspective, the hypothesis that the original resultative meaning of present perfect in Old Russian transformed into the meaning of simple past is theoretically well founded and supported by the data. In modern Russian, there are no other past forms available than the ‘leftovers’ of what used t...

In a story completion study involving transfer-of-possession passages (John handed a book to Bob. He _____), Stevenson et al. (1994) identified a pronoun interpretation preference that is compatible with two possible explanations: a superficial thematic role bias for Goals over Sources, and a deeper event structure bias toward focusing on the end state of such events. To distinguish these hypot...

This paper revisits the aspectual under-extension found in children’s production data, in which children preferentially link telic predicates with perfective/past morphology and atelic predicates with imperfective/present morphology. I argue that these aspectual groupings reflect a deep property of linguistic/conceptual organization and are manifested in various ways throughout the lifespan. Th...

The purpose of this paper is to account in a generalized way for two facts about negation in Chinese. One is that the Chinese negative marker bu cannot co-occur with the perfective aspect marker le; the other is that the Chinese negative marker bu is incompatible with the manner phrase in the V-de construction. We claim that the functional category NegP postulated by Pollock (1989) can be exten...

We present a manually constructed seed lexicon encoding the inferential profiles of French event selecting predicates across different uses. The inferential profile (Karttunen, 1971a) of a verb is designed to capture the inferences triggered by the use of this verb in context. It reflects the influence of the clause-embedding verb on the factuality of the event described by the embedded clause....