Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) can be used in transportation, power plants and distributed generation due to high power density and fast speed of operation. Dynamic modeling of fuel cells is a primary need for performance assessment studies of real-time and controller design. Some new models of Simulink use artificial intelligence for making graph output model. Neural network is o...

In this paper a nonlinear state observer based on a distributed parameter model is proposed for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The estimation technique is implemented using a model-based nonlinear observer with a nonlinear disturbance observer in parallel. To implement the model, a nite element discretisation is performed to take advantage of the boundary conditions of the proble...

In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the Pt L(3) edge is a useful probe for Pt-O interactions at polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathodes. We show that XAS using the high energy resolution fluorescence detection (HERFD) mode, applied to a well-defined monolayer Pt/Rh(111) sample where the bulk penetrating hard X-rays probe only surface Pt atoms, provides a unique sensit...

Low durability is the major challenge hindering the large-scale implementation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology, and corrosion of carbon support materials of current catalysts is the main cause. Here, we describe the finding of remarkably high durability with the use of a novel support material. This material is based on hollow carbon nanocages developed with a high degr...

Key performance characteristics of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEMFC) and Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) are compared with emphasis on the sustainability energy pathways showing that hydrogen for use in PEMFC is best supplied from renewable hydrogen.

PEMFC operation with dead-ended anode has inherent transient behavior: the cell operates between purge cycles that replenish fuel and discharge accumulated gases, such as nitrogen and water vapor, and liquid water. During the operation when the anode exit is shut, gases that cross-over from the cathode accumulate and stratify in the anode channels above the liquid water when the gravity is acti...

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) demonstrates high commercial competitiveness due to its advantages: low operating temperature, power/mass ratio, fast response, no emission, and noise. Thermal water management remains a challenging issue for ensuring the cell’s performance at steady-state dynamic conditions. cathode moisture condensation uses semiconductor cooler effectively remov...

The performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) can reflect the state health for PEMFC, which is basis PEMFC prognostics, and energy management. This article explores evolution under real traffic environmental conditions based on data from a fuel cell-based vehicle used mail delivery. correlation between output voltage operating during start stop analyzed by three analysis methods...

The efficiency of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is limited largely by sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics, even when promoted by Pt-based alloy nanoparticles (NPs). Acid-leached Pt alloys such as “Pt3Co” have shown considerably higher specific (2−5 times) and mass (2 to 3 times) ORR activity than Pt NPs. However, the specific activity enhancement of “Pt3Co” NPs decr...